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A Set > 2nd Volume - HVAC/R Fundamentals > Flashcards

2nd Volume - HVAC/R Fundamentals Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common cause of electric shock?

A

extension cord abuse

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2
Q

What are two basic groups of safety directives that apply to the HVAC/R career field?

A

AFIs and Air Force Occupational Safety and Health (AFOSH) standards

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3
Q

What directive states safety policy, sets up mishap prevention program requirements, and assigns responsibilities for program elements?

A

AFI 91–202, The USAF Mishap Prevention Program

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4
Q

Which regulation establishes policy and assigns responsibilities for managing the AFOSH program and applies to all Air Force civilian and military personnel worldwide, including members of the Air National Guard and Air Force Reserve?

A

AFI 91–301, Air Force Occupational and Environmental Safety, Fire Protection and Health (AFOSH) Program

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5
Q

Which regulation prescribes safe practices and procedures for personnel engaged in maintaining and operating electrical systems and facilities?

A

AFI 32–1064, Electrical Safe Practice.

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6
Q

What has the Air Force set up to protect personnel from the harmful effects of hazardous noise?

A

Hearing Conservation Program

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7
Q

A hazardous noise exists if you have to —BLANK— to be understood.

A

shout at 3 feet (a loud voice at 1 foot)

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8
Q

When working on circuits over —BLANK—, workers must not work alone; instead, a safety observer must be present.

A

300 volts

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9
Q

What are the four basic causes of burns?

A

Thermal, Chemical, Electrical, and Nuclear

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10
Q

Which burns are caused by excessive heat?

A

Thermal

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11
Q

What are the three categories of thermal burn damage?

A

First, Second, and Third Degree

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12
Q

Which burn classification is normally associated with sunburns where there’s a reddening of the skin but doesn’t blister or burn through the different layers of skin?

A

First degree

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13
Q

Which burns are characterized by blisters appearing on the first layer of skin?

A

Second degree

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14
Q

Which is the most severe burn a person can get and damages the skin through the top layer and sometimes through the fat that lies beneath it?

A

Third degree

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15
Q

Which burn destroys the nerve endings?

A

Third degree

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16
Q

What happens to the area of a third degree burn?

A

becomes dry, leathery, and discolored (charred, brown, or white)

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17
Q

What are two types of cross connections?

A

Inlet and Direct (or pressure)

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18
Q

What is any actual or potential link or path of flow between a potable water supply and a source of contamination or pollution?

A

cross connection

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19
Q

What type of connection is used to fill a receptacle that’s open to the atmosphere?

A

Inlet-type connection

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20
Q

What is the reversal of the normal water flow in a system?

A

Back-siphonage

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21
Q

What is the reversal of the normal water flow in a system caused by a negative pressure in the supply piping?

A

Back-siphonage

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22
Q

What type of connection is one in which the potable waterline is connected to a nonpotable line or pressurized vessel?

A

Direct-or pressure-type connection

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23
Q

The backflow of —BLANK— into a potable water supply would cause a minor change in the water quality

A

a Class I substance

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24
Q

The backflow of —BLANK— into a potable water supply could cause illness or death if consumed by humans.

A

a Class III substance

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25
Q

What are the five types of backflow prevention devices?

A
  1. Air gap, 2. Atmospheric-type vacuum breaker, 3. Pressure-type vacuum breaker, 4. Double check valve, 5. Reduced pressure backflow preventer
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26
Q

What is a physical separation of the potable and nonpotable system by an air space?

A

Air Gap

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27
Q

For an air gap to work properly, the vertical space between the supply line and the flood-level rim must be at least

A

two times the inside diameter of the supply pipe and it can’t be less than 1 inch and need not be more than 12 inches

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28
Q

Which type of breaker is designed to prevent back-siphonage of Class I substances into a potable water supply?

A

Atmospheric-type vacuum breaker or Pressure-type vacuum breaker

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29
Q

Which type of breaker prevents a vacuum from occurring on the discharge line by allowing air to enter the line?

A

Atmospheric-type vacuum breaker

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30
Q

Which breaker must be installed on the discharge side of the last control valve and above the highest usage point?

A

Atmospheric-type vacuum breaker

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31
Q

Which breaker can’t be used under continuous pressure or be subjected to backpressure?

A

Atmospheric-type vacuum breaker

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32
Q

Which breaker device has a moving, spring-loaded disc float and check valve in the body?

A

Pressure-type vacuum breaker

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33
Q

Which device is used in direct connection-type systems to prevent the backflow of Class I and II substances into the potable water supply?

A

Double check valve

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34
Q

What valve can be used in continuous pressure systems that are subject to backpressure or back-siphonage?

A

Double check valve

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35
Q

Which device has two independently operating, spring-loaded check valves in the body?

A

Double check valve

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36
Q

Which type of backflow preventer may be used on all direct connection-type systems?

A

reduced pressure backflow preventer

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37
Q

What type of backflow preventer is designed to prevent the backflow of all three classes of substances into the potable water supply?

A

reduced pressure backflow preventer

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38
Q

Which backflow preventer is used in continuous pressure systems that are subject to backpressure or backsiphonage?

A

reduced pressure backflow preventer

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39
Q

Which backflow preventer is equipped also with two independently operating spring-loaded check valves, which are located in the body?

A

reduced pressure backflow preventer

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40
Q

Who is responsible for reporting unsafe acts or conditions?

A

Everyone

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41
Q

Which AFI covers areas relating to electrical installations and systems?

A

32-1064

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42
Q

Which AFOSH standard covers areas relating to working around machinery?

A

91-12

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43
Q

Select the statement that best describes your individual responsibility relative to the Air
Force Occupational Safety and Health (AFOSH) program?

A

Report safety, fire, and health hazards promptly.

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44
Q

Leaving tools scattered about is an indication of

A

Poor housekeeping

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45
Q

What types of mishaps must be reported to the safety staff?

A

All mishaps

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46
Q

Select the Air Force program that was established to protect personnel from the harmful effects of hazardous noise.

A

Hearing Conservation Program.

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47
Q

What is the best protection against noise damage?

A

Isolate systems or pieces of equipment that exceed acceptable noise limits.

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48
Q

A safety observer must be present if you are working with a voltage over

A

300 volts

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49
Q

Mechanical equipment that has exposed moving parts must be completely enclosed in a suitable metal guard if the equipment is located above the floor by less than

A

8 feet

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50
Q

When working on rotating equipment, you should avoid

A

wearing loose clothing

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51
Q

Second-degree burns are characterized by

A

blisters appearing on the first layer of skin

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52
Q

When a thermal burn victim has had his or her clothes on fire, and the skin and clothes are still hot, you should immerse them in

A

cold water for a maximum of 10 minutes

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53
Q

Which burn treating statement is correct?

A

Cover the burned area with a dry, sterile dressing to decrease heat loss

54
Q

What type of cross connection exists if the spout on a sink faucet extends below the overflow rim?

A

Inlet

55
Q

Which type of backflow preventer is used to prevent back-siphonage of Class I substances and may be used under continuous pressure but not subjected to back-pressure?

A

Atmospheric-type vacuum breaker.

56
Q

Which type of backflow preventer can be used on all direct connection-type systems to
prevent the backflow of all three classes of substances into the potable water supply?

A

Reduced pressure backflow preventer.

57
Q

Which backflow preventer is used in continuous pressure systems that are subject to backpressure or backsiphonage?

A

reduced pressure backflow preventer

58
Q

Which backflow preventer is equipped also with two independently operating spring-loaded check valves, which are located in the body?

A

reduced pressure backflow preventer

59
Q

The size of a pipe is referred to as

A

nominal

60
Q

What are the two grades of steel pipe?

A
  1. Standard, or schedule 40, 2. Extra strong (or heavy), or schedule 80
61
Q

What are the most commonly used materials for piping?

A

Steel, Iron, Copper, and Plastic

62
Q

What is galvanized pipe is coated with?

A

zinc

63
Q

What is galvanized pipe mostly used for?

A

domestic water applications

64
Q

What piping does HVAC/R technicians primarily deal with?

A

black iron piping

65
Q

What are the four most common types of fittings used in HVAC/R systems?

A
  1. Thread, 2. Flange, 3. Flared, 4. Compression Joint
66
Q

What type of fittings are used mostly on steel piping?

A

Thread and flanges

67
Q

What type of joints are used with copper lines?

A

Flared and compression

68
Q

How are pipe fittings measured?

A

by Inside Diameter, not outside diameter

69
Q

What is the main method for joining small diameter pipe?

A

Threading

70
Q

What limits the threading for various refrigerants and pipe sizes?

A

ASME Standard B31.5, Refrigeration Piping

71
Q

Pipe with a wall thickness —BLANK— than —BLANK— should not be threaded.

A

Less, standard weight

72
Q

What fittings can be used for large pipe and all piping materials?

A

Flange fittings

73
Q

What fittings are commonly used to connect to equipment, valves, and wherever it may be necessary to open the joint to permit service or replacement of components?

A

Flange fittings

74
Q

For steel pipe, flanges are available in a pressure rating to —BLANK—

A

2,500 psig

75
Q

What three tasks are performed when preparing pipe for fabrication?

A
  1. Measure the pipe, 2. cut the pipe, 3. thread the pipe
76
Q

What fabrication tasks will ensure a minimum of improper or defective connections, and ensure there is a minimum leakage and loss of fluid?

A
  1. Measure the pipe, 2. cut the pipe, 3. thread the pipe
77
Q

What are three methods of measuring pipe?

A
  1. End-to-center, 2. end-to-end, 3. center-to-center
78
Q

Which pipe measurement is taken from the center of an elbow or tee screwed on one end to the opposite end of the pipe?

A

End-to-center

79
Q

Which pipe measurement is made by first tightening an elbow on the threaded end of a pipe?

A

End-to-center

80
Q

Which pipe measurement is made without any fittings?

A

End-to-end

81
Q

What measurements are usually shown on pipe drawings?

A

Center-to-center

82
Q

Which pipe measurement is the distance between the centers of two fittings in a line of pipe?

A

Center-to-center

83
Q

What is the first thing you do when making a center-to-center measurement?

A

put a fitting on the end of the pipe

84
Q

To cut a pipe with a pipe cutter, first open the jaws of the cutter by turning the handle —BLANK—

A

Counterclockwise

85
Q

After the wheels contact the pipe on a pipe cutter, rotate the handle —BLANK—

A

one-fourth of a turn in a clockwise direction

86
Q

When using a pipe cutter, what puts a “bite” on the pipe causing a groove in the pipe when the cutter is rotated?

A

rotating the handle one-fourth of a turn in a clockwise direction

87
Q

When using a pipe cutter, what happens if you do not rotate the pipe cutter one turn to make a complete cutting mark around the pipe before turning the handle clockwise to make the cut deeper?

A

The pipe cutter will make spiral marks around the pipe instead of making on complete circle

88
Q

What happens if you do not remove the burr from a threaded pipe?

A

The burr hinders the flow of liquids or gases in the pipe

89
Q

What is used to remove a burr from the end of a threaded pipe?

A

A pipe reamer

90
Q

What are two methods of threading pipe?

A

Hand and power threading

91
Q

How many threads should be made on pipe with a size of 1/8 inch

A

27 Threads per inch

92
Q

How many threads should be made on pipe with a size of 1/8 inch

A

27 Threads per inch

93
Q

How many threads should be made on pipe with a size of 1/4 to 3/8 inch

A

18 Threads per inch

94
Q

How many threads should be made on pipe with a size of 1/2 to 3/4 inch

A

14 Threads per inch

95
Q

How many threads should be made on pipe with a size of 1 to 2 inches

A

11.5 threads per inch

96
Q

How many threads should be made on pipe with a size of 2.5 to 12 inches

A

8 threads per inch

97
Q

When using a power threader, how far do you insert the pipe into the chuck?

A

so it protrudes about 8 inches beyond the face of the chuck

98
Q

What are two important factors of pipe fabrication?

A
  1. Assembly of threaded joints, 2. Pipe expansion and flexibility
99
Q

During pipe fabrication, what must be done to attain ample flexibility to accommodate thermal and other movements?

A

Disigning pipe bends and loops or using supplemental devices such as expansion joints

100
Q

What can happen if you fail to design piping to accommodate thermal and other movements?

A
  1. Failure of pipe and support from over-stress and fatigue, 2. Joint leakage, 3. Detrimental forces and stresses in connected equipment.
101
Q

Copper tubing may be —BLANK—

A

Hard drawn or annealed

102
Q

Which copper pipe comes in 20 foot lengths?

A

hard drawn copper pipe

103
Q

Which tubing is soft-tempered and comes in rolls?

A

Annealed copper tubing

104
Q

For refrigeration systems, how is tubing size measured?

A

using outside diameter (OD)

105
Q

What is the difference between plumbing tubing application sizing and refrigeration sizing?

A

plumbing uses Inside diameter, while refrigeration uses outside diameter

106
Q

How are heating tubing applications sized?

A

The same as plumbing, using inside diameter (ID) - AKA “nominal-size tubing”

107
Q

What types of tubing are mostly used on waterlines?

A

nominal-sized tubing - K and L

108
Q

Outside diameter tubing is normally how much bigger than plumbing tubing?

A

1/8 inch

109
Q

7/8 inch outside diameter (OD) tubing for refrigeration is equal to what Inside Diameter (ID) for plumbing?

A

3/4 inch

110
Q

What are the three types of copper tubing mostly used in HVAC/R?

A
  1. K, 2. L, and 3. ACR
111
Q

What is used to identify K type copper pipe?

A

A green-colored band and a stencil on the surface

112
Q

Which copper pipe has the thickest wall?

A

K type

113
Q

Which copper is mostly hard drawn but can be soft temper?

A

K type

114
Q

What is used to identify L type copper pipe?

A

A blue-colored band and a stencil on the surface

115
Q

Which copper is used for recirculating water, refrigerant, and potable water inside buildings?

A

L Type

116
Q

How can L copper be purchased?

A

20 feet hard drawn or 25 to 100 feat annealed (soft) coils

117
Q

What is on ACR tubing when it is purchased or new?

A

Plugs on the ends

118
Q

What do the plugs on the ends of ACR tubing indicate?

A

That the tubing has been dried and charged with nitrogen from the factory

119
Q

What is the purpose of the plugs (or seals) on the ends of new ACR tubing?

A

to reduce oxidation within the tube

120
Q

What type of stainless steel tubing is mostly used in the refrigeration trade?

A

low-carbon, nickel, and chromium stainless steel

121
Q

Why is aluminum being used in refrigeration systems?

A

because it is lightweight and has a high heat conductivity rating

121
Q

Why is aluminum being used in refrigeration systems?

A

because it is lightweight and has a high heat conductivity rating

122
Q

What fittings are used when an item needs to be readily replaced or the system needs to be leak-free?

A

Flare

122
Q

What fittings are used when an item needs to be readily replaced or the system needs to be leak-free?

A

Flare

123
Q

What fitting is used when you need a permanent connection (or fix)?

A

Sweat (or solder) fitting

123
Q

What fitting is used when you need a permanent connection (or fix)?

A

Sweat (or solder) fitting

124
Q

What are the two basic types of tube benders?

A
  1. Bending springs, 2. Lever type
124
Q

What are the two basic types of tube benders?

A
  1. Bending springs, 2. Lever type
125
Q

Which tubing bender can be used when you don’t need a high degree of accuracy?

A

Bending spring

125
Q

Which tubing bender can be used when you don’t need a high degree of accuracy?

A

Bending spring

126
Q

Which tool is used to make tubing bends when a high degree of accuracy is required?

A

Lever-type bender

126
Q

Which tool is used to make tubing bends when a high degree of accuracy is required?

A

Lever-type bender

A Set (2 decks)

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