2.post mauryan art Flashcards
(42 cards)
1
Q
themes
A
- Famous place : ancient Region
ex: Bodhgaya : Baghelkhand - Chronology
ex. Lingaraja Temple at Bhubaneswar
b) Rock-cut Elephant at Dhauli
c) Rock-cut Monuments at Mahabalipuram
d) Varaha Image at Udayagiri - Place of Pilgrimage : Location
ex: Srisailam : Nallamala Hills
ex. Virupaksha temple
ex. Vijaya-Vittala temple
-Famous buddhist Shrine : Location
- meaning of particular term
ex. Panchayatan
-Famous Work of Sculpture
: Site
ex.image of Buddha’s Mahapariniravana : Ajanta
- utility of particular architectural piece
ex. Ibadat Khana of Fatehpur Sikri
-features of Indian rockcut
architecture
ex.oldest surviving ; made for whom ; for which faith -> Caves of badami,barabar,ellora
- All about chaityas & viharas
ex. What’s difference - all about Nagara, the Dravida and the Vesara
ex. what are they - Subject of important pillar inscriptions
ex. allahabad inscription - important place : it’s present day location
ex. Udayagiri Caves – Maharashtra - Monastery : State
ex. Dhankar monastery Himachal Pradesh - Things related to tirthankars
ex. statue of gomateswara
-Location of biggest monateries
- Famous temples : which dynasty built
ex: khajuraho : Chandela
-Lingaraja temple -> asked twice
- Dynasty : painting in it’s reign
ex: Kushanas – Gandhara school - Indus valley civilizatiion
ex. Religious beliefs ; animals
2
Q
Chronology of important temples,caves ,images
A
A
3
Q
place of pilgrimage : Hills name
A
A
4
Q
All -Famous buddhist Shrine : Location
A
A
5
Q
All imp Temples : location
A
A
6
Q
Famous Work of Sculpture
: Site
A
A
7
Q
meaning of particular terms
A
A
8
Q
utility of particular architectural piece
A
A
9
Q
features of Indian rockcut
architecture.
ex:oldest surviving ; made for whom ; for which faith
A
A
10
Q
All about chaityas & viharas
ex.difference
A
A
11
Q
Subject of pillar inscriptions
A
A
12
Q
important place : it’s present day states location ex. Udayagiri Caves – Maharashtra
A
A
13
Q
Monastery : State
A
A
14
Q
structures related to tirthankars
A
A
15
Q
Biggest monastries of concerned religion
A
A
16
Q
Famous temples : which dynasty built
ex:khajuraho : Chandela
A
A
17
Q
Dynasty : painting style in it’s reign
ex:Kushanas – Gandhara school
A
A
18
Q
enumerate the post mauryan art & architecture
A
- Architecture : 1)Rock cut caves -> chaityas & viharas ; 2)stupas
- Sculpture : 1)gandhara 2)mathura 3)Amaravati
19
Q
Karle caves
By whom?
Location?
Features
A
- by Satavahanas
- Lonavla, Maharashtra
- Double storeyed ; Biggest rock cut chaitya hall and most ornamented
20
Q
Udayagiri and Khandagiri Caves
by whom?
Location?
meant for whom?
A
- by king Kharavela in 1st-2nd BC
- near the city of Bhubaneswar in Odisha
- According to the inscriptions, the caves were meant for Jain
- Udayagiri caves – famous for Hathigumpa Inscription in Brahmi script.
21
Q
Kanheri Caves
in which state?
contains sculptors related to which religion?
carvings, paintings and inscriptions, dating?
A
- in the forests of the Sanjay Gandhi National Park,Mumbai,Maharastra
- buddhists
- From 1st-10th century
22
Q
what happened to stupas in post-mauryan phase?
A
- larger and more decorative
- used stone,replacing wood
23
Q
Bharhut Stupas
- location
- feature
- Example
A
- Dewar, Madhya Pradesh
- famous for it’s sculptor
- Example: Queen Mayadevi’s dream, Jataka Panel -> ya goshtinche sculpture kadhlet stupa var.
- illusion of three-dimensionality
24
Q
Sanchi Stupas
- location
- How many stupas at sanchi,what are they reffering to
- buddha shown symbolically as?
A
-Saanchi,Madhya pradesh
-3 stupas at Sanchi; Stupa 1 – relics
of Buddha ; Has upper as well as lower pradakshinapatha ; Lion capital is here
Stupa 2 – Relics of 10 famous arhats and Stupas 3 – relics of Sariputta and Mahamougalayana
-an empty throne, feet, chhatri, stupas.
25
Difference b/w Gandhara ; Mathura ; Amaravati sculpture
LA EX art & culture #15
26
Buddha head,Taxila
- Location
- time period
- features
- Rawalpindi District, Punjab, Pakistan
- 2nd Century CE
- Greco-Roman/hellenistic
- curly hair ; plane forehead ; eyes half-closed
27
Seated Buddha, Katra Mound, Mathura
- Location
- features
- Uttar pradesh
- Padmasana + Abhay mudra
- Ushanisha : hair spikes :-///)
- sitting on lion throne
- Fleshy body
- very large halo
28
Seated Buddha, Sarnath
- Location
- features
- Varanasi district; U.P.
- in Padmasana
- Represents Dhammachakrapravartana
- has circular curled hairs
- slender body
29
Buddhist monuments of south india
- Location
- features
- Vengi (andhra) -> has stupas
- Amaravati -> Mahachaityas + sculptures -> He stupa khup motha hota mhanun tyala mahachaitya mhantat.
- Guntapalle is rock-cut cave site near Eluru (Andhra)
-the early phase is devoid of Buddha images -> later phase had it
30
three main cave tradition in western India are?
Ajanta, Ellora and Elephanta
31
```
Ajanta
how many caves & chaityas?
by whom?
which religions related?
found in the travel accounts of which Chinese Travellers?
situated on which river?
What is theme of caves?
who patronised 16,17,19 caves?
About cave no.26?
Features?
```
- Has 29 caves. 4 are chaityas
- Patronised by vakataka kings
- Only buddhism -> Early caves = Hinayana ; Later mahayana
- Fa Hien and Hieun Tsang
- Waghora river
- Theme: Jataka, Buddha, Avadhanas
- 16,17,19 -> Guptas
- very big cave ; has variety of Buddha images, the biggest one being the Mahaparinibbana image.
- UNESCO world heritage site ;
- only surviving example of paintings of 1st Century BC and 5th century CE (5th century paintings – outward projections)
- only buddhist painting ; designs with heroic proportion ; attention to imp person ; illustrated stories ; have outward projections ; absence of blue
32
Padmapani Bodhisattva, Ajanta Cave No. 1
https://www.google.com/search?q=padmapani&rlz=1C1CHBF_enIN845IN845&sxsrf=ALeKk01l_DDZan2dAypdAnt07wAHDy9e7w:1626691722281&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjAwY_y-u7xAhUTwTgGHemKA8oQ_AUoAXoECAEQAw&biw=1367&bih=642#imgrc=z_MgYoB8wrmsVM
33
Padmapani Bodhisattva, Ajanta Cave No. 1
what's in hand?
about eyes?
about head?
- lotus present in right hand
- half closed & slightly elongated eyes
- big crown on head
34
Mara Vijaya, Ajanta Cave NO. 26
| what's the image about?
-image of the Buddha in the centre surrounded by Mara’s army
-part of enlightnment
-the image of Mara is shown contemplating
how to disturb Siddhartha
35
```
ELLORA CAVES
Designated as?
number of caves?
religion depicted?
buddhist caves belonging to which sect?
features of buddhist caves?
Feature of cave 10,12,14
```
- UNESCO World Heritage Site
- 34
- Buddhism ; jain ; bramhanic(hindu)
- Vajrayana sect
- Big ; 1/2/3 storeyed ; big pillars
- cave 10 : Vishwakarma Cave or Carpenter’s cave is -> most famous
- cave 12 : 3 storey
- cave 14 : Ravana ki khai theme
36
Brahmanical Caves part(Ellora)
1. Shaivite themes
2. Vaishnavite theme
3. Cave 15
4. Cave 16 - built by ? which type of architecture ?
1. Ravana Shaking Kailasa, Andakasuravadha, Kalyanasundara etc.,
2. avatars of Vishnu
3. Dashavatara temple
4. Kailasnatha temple(kailash leni) ; by Rastrakuta King Krishna 1 ; Dravidian Architecture with Pallava influence.
37
Jain caves part (Eloora)
belong to which sect?
notable jain caves?
- belong to Digambara Sect
| - Chhota Kailash, Indra Sabha and Jagannath Sabha
38
```
ELEPHANTA
location?
Dominated by which faith?
locally known as?
Constructed when?
features?
famous sculpture?
```
1. near mumbai
2. Dominated by shaivite faith
3. as Gharapuri Caves
4. 5-6th century ; contemporary to ellora
5. sculptures have slender bodies ; UNESCO world heritage
6.TRIMURTI / MAHESHMURTI -> central head-> Shiva figure ; other two -> Bhairava
and Uma.
39
Cave Tradition in Eastern India
Location?
Features?
1.Guntapalle in Eluru district (Andhra) -> vihara caves here have been decorated with chaitya arches
2. Anakapalli near Vishakhapatnam(Andhra)
- > it has the biggest rock-cut stupas in the country.
40
Bagh caves
location?
architecturally similar to?
feature?
- on bank of the Bagh river in Madhya Pradesh
- Ajanta caves
- is among the 2 caves where Gupta cave paintings are seen.
41
Junagadh caves
location?
name of sites?
-junagadh ,gujrat
| - (1) Khapra Kodiya,
2) Baba Pyare,
(3) Upar kot.( 50 ft citadel i.e.unchavar asleli jaga,like fort
42
Nasik caves
alternate name?
for which religion & sect?
Features?
- Pandav leni
- Mahayana Buddhism.
- has system of water management
- symbols like throne and footprints used to indicate buddha's presence
