3/1/17

Question 1

Dobutamine: Increased Cardiac O2 demand

Answer 1

Increased iontropic + increased HR leads to increased cardiac O2 demand

Question 2

Hashimoto’s: Histo

Answer 2

mononulcear infiltrate with well developed germinal centers

Question 3

Turner’s: Cardiac complications

Answer 3

Bicupsid Aortic valve + Coarchtation of aorta

Question 4

Ivabradine: MoA

Answer 4

Blocks funny-Na channels, thus prolonging depolarization (phase 4)

Question 5

Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome

Answer 5

Big 3: eczema, recurrent infection, thrombocytopenia

Due to X-linked mutation

Question 6

B-hemoglobin: O2 affinity

Answer 6

Mimics Myoglobin: extremely high O2 affinity

Question 7

Rabies Vaccine

Answer 7

Inactivated Virus

Question 8

Kidney Stones: apperances

Answer 8

Ca-Ox: octahedron with an X
Ca-Phos: Longwedges/Rosettes
Mag-Ammonium-Phos: rectangular prisms
Uric Acid: yellow/brown diamonds
Cystic: yellow hexagons

Question 9

Paradoxymal embolism: cardiac anomoly

Answer 9

Left to Right Shunt: Stroke with systemic embolism

Wide/fixed S2 split with no change on respiration

Question 10

VSD: heart sounds

Answer 10

Loud, holosystolic murmur on Left sternal border

Question 11

Salk vs Sabin

Answer 11

Salk: Inactivated virus, IM, IgG only
Sabin: Live attenuated, Oral, IgG + IgA

Question 12

Negative Chronotropic Heart Drugs

Answer 12

Beta-blockers, Non-dihydrapyridine CCBs, Digoxin, Amiodirone, Sotolol, Cholenergic agents

Question 13

Topoisomerase I vs II

Answer 13

I: single stranded breaks
II: Double Stranded Breaks

Question 14

Anal squamous Cell carcinoma: Viral associations

Answer 14

HIV + HPV

Question 15

Neurocystocosis: Causes

Answer 15

Tape Worms from feces

Question 16

Estrogen Production

Answer 16

Thecal cells produce androgens which are in turn converted via aromatase in granulosa cells

Question 17

Internal Capsule Stroke

Answer 17

Pure Contralateral motor weakness

Question 18

Chronic Lymphedema: sequale

Answer 18

Angiosarcoma

Question 19

Crohn’s vs IBS

Answer 19

IBS: NONinflammatory

Crohn’s: Fistula formation possible

Question 20

DM: Additional insulin resistance mechanism

Answer 20

increased Free Fatty acids leads to increased gluconeogenesis