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Question 1

at least two of Aristotle;s works specifically concern morality

Answer 1

Eudemian Ethics, Nicomachean Ethics

Question 2

_______ has been regarded as the ethics of Aristotle since the beginning of the Christian era

Answer 2

Nicomachean Ethics

Question 3

three general descriptions can be used to depict Aristoltle’s ethics

Answer 3

1. self-realizationism
2. eudaimonistic
3. aretai

Question 4

Aristotle’s ethical system may be termed __________. In his philosophy, when someone acts in line with his nature or end (telos) and thus realizes his full potential, he does moral and will be happy.

Answer 4

self-realizationism

Question 5

artistotle’s view is also of a type known as _________. As sich, it focuses on happiness or good for man and how to obtain it.

Answer 5

eudaimonistic

Question 6

Aristotle’s moral philosophy is ______, or virtue-based. Whereas act-oriented ethics is focused mainly on what we should do, virtue ethics is interested basically in what we should be, that is, the character of the person we should struggle to become.

Answer 6

aretai

Question 7

___________ is the end or purpose

Answer 7

telos

Question 8

Aristotle argues (with Plato in sperate realm of forms), he argues that rational beings can discover the _______ of things and that a being’s ______ is its potential fulfillment or telos

Answer 8

essence

Question 9

the essence or telos of a human being is _______ and thus, a life of ______ is the best kind of life for true human flourishing.

Answer 9

• rationality
• contemplation

Question 10

all humans seek happiness (________), but in diff ways

Answer 10

well being

Question 11

true happiness is tied to the purpose or end (______) of human life.

Answer 11

telos

Question 12

the essence (_______) of human beings (that which separates and distinguishes them as a species) is Reason.

Answer 12

telos

Question 13

_____ employed in achieving happiness leads to moral virtues and intellectual virtues

Answer 13

reason

Question 14

By ______, he means those which the person with wisdom would choose because what is good is obvious to such a person.

Answer 14

virtuous actions

Question 15

Aristotle believes that the ultimate human goal is _______

Answer 15

self-realization

Question 16

achieving one’s natural purpose by functioning or living consistently with _________

Answer 16

human nature

Question 17

Aristotle identifies three natures of man

Answer 17

vegetable or physical
animal or emotional
rational or mental

Question 18

the thing that distinguishes hu,ans from all other creatures is the _______ or ________

Answer 18

rational nature, ability to reason

Question 19

__________ is viewed as vital in self-realization or developing one’s potential

Answer 19

living in accordance with reason

Question 20

_______, the awareness of ourr nature and the development of our potentials is the key to human happiness

Answer 20

self-realization

Question 21

______ for Aristotle is the inquiry into the human good

Answer 21

ethics

Question 22

the human good is _______ or _____

Answer 22

eudaimonia or happiness

Question 23

aristotle also considers happiness as the _________ - the greatest good of all human life.

Answer 23

summun bonum

Question 24

he adds that the (happiness) is the only ______ , that is, the good that is pursued for its own sake

Answer 24

intrinsic good

Question 25

the man's ultimate goal as it is an end in itself

Answer 25

happiness

Question 26

attained by the habitual practice of moral and intellectual excellences

Answer 26

fluorishing

Question 27

aristotle's idea pf happiness should also be understood in the sense of

Answer 27

human fluorishing

Question 28

Aristotle employs the word "_____" to refer to mora virtue. one denotion of the term, a condition in which something must actively hold itself.

Answer 28

hexis

Question 29

________ for Aristotle, is the only practical road to effective action.

Answer 29

moral virtue

Question 30

refers to an excellence of moral or intellectual character.

Answer 30

virtue

Question 31

Aristotle distinguishes two kinds of virtue

Answer 31

virtue of intellect, moral virtues

Question 32

corresponds to the fully rational parts of the soul

Answer 32

intellect (virtues of intellect)

Question 33

part of the rational soul which can obey reason

Answer 33

moral virtues

Question 34

expression of character, formed by habits reflecting repeated choices, hence is also called virtue of character

Answer 34

moral virtue

Question 35

follow from our nature as rational beings, they are traits that enable us to act according to reason

Answer 35

moral virtues

Question 36

excess and defect normally indicate a _____

Answer 36

vice

Question 37

the golden mean between two less desirable extremes

Answer 37

moral virtue

Question 38

aristotle mentions four basic moral virtues

Answer 38

courage, temperance, justice, prudence

Question 39

the golden mean between cowardice (deficiency) and tactless rashness (excess)

Answer 39

courage

Question 40

the mean between gluttony (excess) and extreme frugality (deficiency)

Answer 40

temperance

Question 41

the virtue of giving others the right that they deserve, neither more nor less

Answer 41

justice

Question 42

what helps us to know what is just reasonable in various circumstances, enabling us to keep away from excess and defect is the moral virtue called _____ or ____

Answer 42

prudence or wisdom

Question 43

the ______, the intellectual virtue of practical wisdom, is the kind of moral knowledge which guides us to what is appropriate in conjunction with moral virtue

Answer 43

phronesis

Question 44

the ______ or ______ is a grasp of the appropriate way to respond - to feel and act - in a particular situation.

Answer 44

phronesis or practical wisdom

Question 45

once we learn the proper amount, we have the right to prescription (_______)

Answer 45

orthos logos

Question 46

Aristotle's complete picture of a ________ therefore is someone who constantly and habitually acts according to moral virtue and practical wisdom

Answer 46

morally virtuous man

Question 47

his comprehensive notion of ________ is that it is a state of character manifested in choice and action , resting in the gold mean, resolved by the prescription that a wise person would determine

Answer 47

moral virtue

Question 48

additional moral values

Answer 48

generosity, civility, trustworthiness, reliability, sociability, dependability, honesty, sincerity, gentleness, tolerance, benevolence, cooperativeness, empathy, tact, kindness, and good temper

Question 49

no culture considers

Answer 49

envy, spite, dishonestly, insensitivity, cruelty, arrogance, injustice, cowardice, self-centeredness