3,4 And 5.. Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is the main goal of an argumentative text?
-To justify one’s point of view or refute someone else’s.
What does a good argumentative text usually include?
Different perspectives, comparisons, and personal opinions.
. What are the five components of an argumentative text?
Claim, reasons, evidence, counterclaim, rebuttal.
What is qualitative evidence?
A: Descriptive data like photos, diary entries, interviews.
What is quantitative evidence?
Numerical data like measurements, amounts, statistics..
What three activities does Van Eemeren identify in argumentation?
Verbal activity, social activity, reasoning activity.
I What is the main focus of argumentative texts?
To provoke a reaction or persuade the audience.
How do emotional and affective elements work in arguments?
By appealing to personal experiences, expert opinions, or shared values.
Where are argumentative texts often used?
In advertising, politics, and persuasive writing.
Why is clarity important in argumentative texts?
To avoid confusion and make persuasion more effective.
What kind of language is usually used in argumentative writing?
Formal, organized into clear paragraphs.
What is a macro-speech act in argumentative texts?
The combination of the speaker’s intention (illocutionary force) and the effect on the audience (perlocutionary force).
What are the two main mediums of argumentation?
A: Oral (debates, interviews) and written (essays, articles).
What is objective argumentation based on?
Empirically tested facts and real-world evidence.
What is subjective argumentation based on?
Opinions, values, or preferences.
What is restricted argumentation?
Arguments based on rules, norms, or pragmatic factors.
What is unrestricted argumentation?
Arguments based on examples, analogies, or appeals to authority.
What are the three main parts of an argumentative text?
Introduction, body, conclusion.
What is the function of the introduction in an argumentative text?
. To present the thesis and background information.
What happens in the body of the argument?
Supporting points, evidence, and counterarguments are developed.
What are the four types of arguments used in the body?
Analogy, authority, cause-consequence (logic), illustration.
Q: What is the purpose of the conclusion in an argumentative text?
To summarize main points and reinforce the thesis without introducing new ideas
. What is the Aristotelian method?
A logical, straightforward way to convince readers through reason.
. What is the Toulmin method?
method that emphasizes careful grounding of claims with data and warrants.
