(3) A Photosynthesis - LIR

Question 0

Names

Answer 0

Calvin cycle

Question 1

Main purpose

Answer 1

Products of LDR; ATP & Red NADP to reduce C02
Rapidly ceases when light isn’t present
Aim; fix C02 : use C02 & energy to convert same C to make C containing products; glucose, AA, sugars & lipids

Question 2

Where does LIR/ Calvin cycle occur?

Answer 2

Stroma (fluid matrix) of chloroplasts

Question 3

Benefits of stroma

Answer 3

Contains; enzyme rubisco for LIR & C02 reduction
& DNA + ribosomes to make LIR proteins quickly
Stroma fluid surrounds Grana; products of LDR from Grana readily diffuse into stroma

Question 4

Calvin cycle STAGE 1

Answer 4

C02 from ats ; diffuses in via stomata
C02 dissolves in H20 in walls of spongy mesophyll cells
C02 diffuses through plasma membrane, cytoplasm & chloroplast membranes into stroma of chloroplast
RUBP is in stroma

Question 5

Calvin cycle STAGE 2 // Carbon Fixation

Answer 5

In stroma;

C02 (1C) combines w/ RUBP (5C) using enzyme RUBPase

Question 6

Calvin cycle STAGE 3 // Reduction

Answer 6

(6C) is unstable -> B/D to 2 x GP

Question 7

Calvin cycle STAGE 3b // REDUCTION

Answer 7

2 x GP -> 2 x TP
NADPH is reduced to NADP & the H reduces GP to TP
ATP bd to ADP & Pi -> goes back to LIR
NADP reformed and goes back to LIR

Question 8

Stage 4 // Production

Answer 8

1C of TP to make organic substances ; glucose // AA // Lipids
5c used to make RUBP

6 x turns of Calvin Cycle to make glucose

Question 9

Calvin cycle STAGE 5 // Regeneration

Answer 9

Most TP used to make RUBP
ATP bd to ATP & Pi
Pi added to RuP -> RUBP!!

Goes around again

Question 10

Importance of RUBP

Answer 10

RUBP req to make GP -> TP

Less RUBP,
Less GP, Less TP
Less organic prods
Less RUBP Regenerated