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U.S. History > 3 Branches Of Government > Flashcards

3 Branches Of Government Flashcards

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0
Q

Veto

A

Reject a decision or law.

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1
Q

Amendments

A

An addition to the Constitution

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2
Q

Expressed Powers

A

Powers given to congress from the constitution.

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3
Q

Implied powers

A

Congress can make laws to help them execute their duties.

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4
Q

Examples of expressed and implied powers

A

Expressed Powers –> Implied Powers
Collect taxes –> Punish tax evaders
Establish Naturalisation laws–> regulate and limit immigration
Raise an army –> draft Americans into military
Establish post offices –> regulate what can be shipped by mail.

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5
Q

Impeachment

A

To bring charges of wrongdoing against the president or an elected official

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6
Q

Checks and balances

A

Counterbalancing influences so that one branch doesn’t become too powerful. Each branch has specific checks it can perform on the other 2 branches.

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7
Q

Civil cases

A

Relating to the rights of citizens

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8
Q

Criminal cases

A

Relating to a crime

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9
Q

Judicial review

A

The power of the Supreme Court to determine is a law or action of the government is constitutional or not

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10
Q

Appellate jurisdiction

A

Cases start in “lower” courts

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11
Q

Original jurisdiction

A

Case starts in Supreme Court

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12
Q

Congressional committees

A

Groups of representatives and senators assigned to groups of specific areas of expertise.

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13
Q

Article I

A

Legislative branch

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14
Q

Article II

A

Executive branch

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15
Q

Article III

A

Judicial branch

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16
Q

Requirements for representatives

A

Min age: 25 years old
U.S. Citizen for at least 7 years
Live in state they represent
# per state determined by population. MA has 9.

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17
Q

Term lengths and limits for representatives

A

2 year term, no limit.

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18
Q

Requirements for senators

A

Min age: 30
U.S. Citizen for at least 9 years
Live in the state they represent
Each state gets 2 senators

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19
Q

Term lengths and limits for senators

A

6 year term, no limit.

1/3 up for re-election every 2 years.

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20
Q

Requirements for president

A

Be a natural born citizen of USA
Be at least 35 years old
U.S. Resident for 14 years

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21
Q

Term lengths and limits for president

A

Term length = 4 years

Term limit = 2 terms (added 1951, 22nd Amendment)

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22
Q

Requirements for Supreme Court justices

A

No qualifications for who can be a judge. Appointed by president, approved by senate.

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23
Q

Term lengths and limits for Supreme Court justices

Study These Flashcards
A

Lifetime tenure

24
Necessary and proper clause
"To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution for the foregoing powers." -Article 1, section 8, clause 18 Congress can make laws to help them execute their duties
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Powers given to congress
``` Makes laws Impeachment Confirm presidential appointments Impose and collect taxes Naturalizes citizens Borrows money Prints money Regulate trade Establishes post offices Pass copyrights and patents Declares war Raise and support armies ```
26
Power only given to the House of Representatives
All bills dealing with taxes or money must start in the house Impeach the president Chooses the president if no candidate receives a majority of the electoral vote.
27
Powers only given to the senate
Senate must approve all treaties made by the president and approve all presidential appointments (cabinet, federal courts, etc.) Senate holds a trial for any impeached official (president, judge).
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Powers given to the president
Executing laws Appointing cabinet members, ambassadors, and judges Make treaties, conduct diplomacy Issue executive orders Authority over military action Veto power Grants reprieves and pardons (powers of clemency)
29
7 roles of the president
``` Chief administrator Commander in chief Chief executive Chief diplomat Chief of state Chief of party Chief legislator ```
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Chief administrator
Sets the national budget, policies and spending in certain areas.
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Commander in chief
Civilian leader of the military. Can use the military to maintain peace.
32
Chief executive
Enforces law through the executive branch, that are passed and established in the U.S.
33
Chief diplomat
Conducts foreign policy, holds summits and sets our relationship with other nations.
34
Chief of state
Represents the country ceremonially and is the figure for national unity and strength.
35
Chief of party
Works to get his party members elected, appoints party members to various positions.
36
Chief legislator
Suggest and works for certain bills to be written into law. Must sign any bill before it becomes a law. Can veto any bill.
37
Give the presidential role for the following situation: | The drug enforcement agency is created in 1973 by president Nixon to enforce various drug laws created in congress.
Chief executive
38
Give the presidential role for the following situation: | President Roosevelt directs U.S. Military actions in WWII.
Commander in chief
39
Give the presidential role for the following situation: | President Cleveland helps dedicate the Washington monument in 1888 in Washington D.C.
Chief of state
40
Give the presidential role for the following situation: | In 1978 president Carter leads a summit between Israel and Egypt leading to a peace treaty between those two countries.
Chief diplomat
41
Give the presidential role for the following situation: | President George W. Bush vetoes the stem cell research enhancement act of 2005
Chief legislator
42
Give the presidential role for the following situation: | In 1995 president Clinton submitted a budget to congress for $1.6 trillion.
Chief administrator
43
Give the presidential role for the following situation: | In 2013 president Obama appointed John Kerry to serve as Secretary of State.
Chief of party
44
Other members of the executive branch
Vice President Office of the president (chief of staff, press secretary, speech writers) Cabinet members (department of justice, department of state, etc.) Federal agencies (environmental protection agency, Central Intelligence Agency) *Many of these positions are appointed by the president and need senate confirmation.*
45
How a bill becomes a law
1) Legislation may begin in either chamber. Similar proposals are often introduced in both chambers. 2) Measures must pass both the House and the Senate in identical form before being presented to the president. 3) Legislation presented to the president.
46
Structure of the Supreme Court
9 judges called justices, no jury.
47
How a case reaches the Supreme Court
1) It can work its way from state courts to appellate courts and finally up to Supreme Court (appellate jurisdiction) 2) It can start in the Supreme Court (original jurisdiction) The Supreme Court gets to decide which cases to take on. Receives about 8000 - 10000 petitions for cases each year. Hears less than 100 cases per year.
48
Leadership position in the House of Representatives.
``` Speaker of the house (currently John Boehner, Republican, OH) Top position in house Elected by house members 2nd in line for presidency Duties: Rules over house and keeps order Decides which laws will be reviewed Assigns reps to committees. ```
49
Leadership positions in the senate
``` Senate president (currently Joe Biden, democrat) Only votes if there is a tie ``` ``` Senate president pro-tempore (currently Patrick Laehy, democrat, VT) Elected by senate 3rd in line for presidency Duties: Runs the senate Decides which bills will be heard Assigns senators to committees ```
50
What is the order for the "line of presidency"?
After president: Vice President Speaker of the House Senate President Pro-Tempore
51
Checks the Executive Branch has on Legislative Branch
Can veto acts of Congress Can call special sessions of Congress Can suggest legislation and send messages to Congress
52
Checks the Executive Branch has on the Judicial Branch
Appoints Supreme Court justices and other federal judges | Can grant reprieves and pardons
53
Checks the Legislative Branch has on the Executive Branch
Can impeach and remove the president Can override the president's veto by a two-thirds vote Controls appropriation of money Senate can refuse to confirm presidential appointments Senate can refuse to ratify treaties
54
Checks the Legislative Branch has on the Judicial Branch
Can impeach and remove federal judges Can refuse to confirm judicial appointments Establishes lower federal courts Can propose constitutional amendments to overturn court decisions
55
Checks the Judicial Branch has on the Legislative Branch
Can declare acts of Congress unconstitutional
56
Checks the Judicial Branch has on the Executive Branch
Can declare executive acts unconstitutional | Appointment for life makes judges free from executive control
57
WHEN IS THE U.S. HISTORY TEST?!?!?!?!?!
DECEMBER 18th, 2013!!!!!!!!!!

U.S. History (1 decks)

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