3 Branches of Government Flashcards
(131 cards)
1
Q
What part of Congress is responsible for approving or rejecting Presidential nominees?
A
The Senate
2
Q
Who approves the president’s appointment of Cabinet secretaries and Supreme Court Justices?
A
The Senate
3
Q
Who is in charge of the executive branch?
A
President
4
Q
When people have a disagreement that they can’t resolve on their own. Often, one side feels that the other side violated their rights in some way.
A
Civil Case
5
Q
Number of states that have their own system of courts
A
50
6
Q
Serve the interests of the citizens who live in their district (section of a state) for a term of two years
A
Representatives
7
Q
these electors technically vote for President of the U.S.
A
Electoral College
8
Q
At the top of the federal court system
A
Supreme Court
9
Q
Another name for enumerated powers
A
expressed powers
10
Q
both federal and state courts have jurisdiction
A
Concurrent Jurisdiction
11
Q
Hears cases involving federal laws, the US constitution, or disputes between citizens of different states
A
Federal Courts
12
Q
the U.S. Supreme Court case Marbury v. Madison established this power
A
Judicial Review
13
Q
The only court created by the Constitution
A
Supreme Court
14
Q
decided by a trial court without the case going to trial
A
summary judgment
15
Q
a principle of the federal government, according to the U.S. Constitution, that allows each branch of government to limit the power of the other branches
A
checks and balances
16
Q
Number of electoral votes needed to win a presidential election
A
270
17
Q
The main duty of whom is to carry out or enforce our nation’s laws
A
The Executive Branch
18
Q
Must be at least 25, a US citizen for at least 7 years, and live in the state they represent
A
Representatives
19
Q
The role of the president that makes them head of their political party
A
Party Chief
20
Q
the structure of the federal government, according to the U.S. Constitution, that sets up three branches with their own distinct responsibilities
A
separation of powers
21
Q
Powers of congress listed by the constitution
A
enumerated powers
22
Q
an order that comes from the U.S. President or a government agency and must be obeyed like a law
A
executive order
23
Q
If you break a law of the US, your case will be heard in a
A
Federal Court
24
Q
The federal court system was created by
A
Congress
25
Another name for the Necessary and Proper Clause
Elastic Clause
26
a formal statement from a court that orders someone to do or stop doing something
court order
27
The rough draft of a law is called a
bill
28
Who has these powers: raising and spending money, regulating commerce, and dealing with foreign countries
Congress
29
Powers not given to Congress are reserved for the \_\_\_.
states
30
What vote is required to remove an official from office?
two-thirds vote
31
an adjective that means "lawmaking"
Legislative
32
The highest court in the land
Supreme Court
33
Limits Presidents to 2 terms since 1951
22nd Amendment
34
Congress was created by what document?
the Constitution
35
The authority to hear a certain case
Jurisdiction
36
Hears cases involving state laws or the state's constitution
State courts
37
Who has the power to declare state laws unconstitutional
State supreme courts
38
President lives and works here in Washington, D.C.
White House
39
The role of the president that makes him the living symbol of the U.S. and preside over ceremonial duties
Chief of State
40
laws that make an act a crime after the act has been committed
ex post facto laws
41
When someone is accused of a crime, the type of case is
Criminal
42
Who holds trials for impeachment?
The Senate
43
a written document that is or may become a law
Legislation
44
When a group of twelve people listen to the evidence and decide who wins the case
jury trial
45
How long is a presidential term?
4 years
46
Clearly listed powers delegated to the Congress.
enumerated powers
47
the procedure to see if the U.S. Supreme Court will hear a case
writ of certiorari
48
Total number of electors in the electoral college
538
49
The yearly speech Presidents give to update people on how things are going.
State of the Union
50
The decision of a jury
verdict
51
the power of a court to be the first to hear a case on a specific topic
original jurisdiction
52
How long is a presidential term?
4 years
53
order of succession: Vice President; Speaker of House; President Pro Tempore; Cabinet in order departments were created
25th Amendment
54
The two appellate-level courts of the federal court system
Court of Appeals and the Supreme Court
55
The number of House representatives depends on the ___ of a state.
population
56
Leader in the House of Representatives
Speaker of the House
57
Advisors of the President
Cabinet
58
The leader of the senate; only votes to break ties
Vice President
59
What is the main job of congress
to make laws
60
Main officers of the Executive Branch
President and Vice President
61
What Constitutional principle limits Congress' powers?
Checks and balances
62
Must be at least 30, a US citizen for at least 9 years, and live in the state they represent
Senators
63
How many justices are in the U.S. Supreme Court panel?
9
64
What part of the constitution limits or denies certain powers to the federal government?
The Bill of Rights
65
when President rejects a bill passed by Congress
veto
66
courts that decide on cases involving interpretations of the Constitution and laws passed by Congress
federal courts
67
The goal is not to find out whether someone is innocent or guilty, but to decide which side's version of the story is correct
civil case
68
How many senators are there?
100 total
69
which branch of the government makes laws?
legislative branch
70
Which article of the constitution establishes the judicial branch?
Article III
71
If you appeal a case, you are going to
Appellate court
72
a government that has reduced powers by a constitution, or written agreement
limited government
73
The decision in a case is called the
Verdict
74
Who has the authority to impeach an official?
The House of Representatives
75
The clause that creates implied powers of congress
necessary and proper clause
76
Congress shall have the power to borrow money, what other power is implied from this?
Establish a federal bank
77
The President has the power to call one or both houses of Congress to a special meeting.
Special Session of Congress
78
an attempt to stop a case from going to trial
summary judgement
79
a form of government based on a written set of laws that all citizens agree to
constitutional government
80
Presidential appointments of Federal judges, foreign ambassadors, and members of the president's cabinet require confirmation from the
Senate
81
The first court to hear a case
trial court
82
The courts above the trial court
appellate courts
83
The act of choosing and placing someone in a job
appointment
84
Which article of the constitution establishes the legislative branch?
Article I
85
Members of the Senate are called ___ and members of the House are called \_\_\_.
Senators, Representatives
86
The set of rules and standards by which society governs itself.
Law
87
The type of trial you often see on TV involving a person who has been accused of a crime
criminal cases
88
Refusing to confirm appointments is a check the Senate has on
the president
89
"Natural Born" citizen; 35 years old; resident for last 14 years. These are the requirements for what?
President
90
The role that allows the president to enforce U.S. laws, create policies, hire and fire officials within the executive branch, and appoint Federal judges.
Chief Executive
91
the title given to judges of the U.S. Supreme Court
Justice
92
Deals with disputes about laws that apply to the entire United States
Federal Court System
93
The Supreme Court's power of deciding what is constitutional
Judicial Review
94
interprets the laws made by the legislative branch
judicial branch
95
a verb that means "to make laws"
Legislate
96
Laws that punish a person without a trial jury
bill of attainder laws
97
Resolves the kinds of issues you hear about in everyday life, such as family matters, accidents, crimes, and traffic violations
State courts
98
laws that apply to the entire country
federal laws
99
Serves the interests of the citizens across their entire state for a term of six years.
Senators
100
the head of the executive branch
president
101
Word that means congress is made up of two chambers: the Senate and the House of Representatives.
bicameral
102
A temporary power of the President to delay someone's punishment
Reprieve
103
When more than one judge listens to a case, the group of judges is called a
panel
104
The role that makes the President the head of the nation's armed forces
Commander in Chief
105
issued when a higher level court agrees to hear an appeal of a lower court's decision
writ of certiorari
106
The leader of the Senate when the vice president isn't there
president pro tempore
107
the power of the judicial branch to review the actions of the executive and legislative branches and determine whether or not they are unconstitutional
judicial review
108
When there is no jury, so the judge gives the verdict
bench trial
109
The court that gets to decide what is constitutional
Supreme Court
110
powers not stated explicitly in the Constitution
Implied powers
111
Mostly deals with disputes about state laws
State court Systems
112
the power of the U.S. President to choose members of his or her cabinet, ambassadors to other nations, and other officials in his or her administration
presidential appointments
113
Lawyers use this when trying to prove their client's side of the story
Evidence
114
the power to hear appeals of cases that have been tried in lower courts
appellate jurisdiction
115
Asking an appellate court to review a case is called
making an appeal
116
Members of which house work for people in a specific section of their state?
House of Representatives
117
Accusing someone of misconduct in office.
impeachment
118
a decision by an executive authority such as a president or governor to reject a proposed law or statute
veto
119
The role that allows the president to make treaties with other countries and shape policies for dealing with other nations
Chief Diplomat
120
All bills that raise money must start in
the House of Representatives
121
people appointed by the president to head executive departments of government and act as official advisers to the president
cabinet
122
The President has the power to legally forgive a person for a Federal crime and to free them from all punishment.
pardon
123
Congress shall have the power to establish naturalization laws, what other power is implied from this?
The power to limit immigration
124
How many members are part of the House of Representatives
435
125
Members of which house represent the needs of their entire state?
Senate
126
What are the houses of congress?
House of Representatives and Senate
127
the branch of government that enforces the laws made by the legislative
executive branch
128
When the losing side thinks there's been an error, they can ask a higher court to review the verdict
Appeal
129
the trial court in the Federal system
District court
130
a person who makes laws
Legislator
131
Which article of the constitution establishes the Executive Branch?
Article II
