3 chapter (neoplasia) pathoma carcinogens 12/02

Question 1

Nomenclature. Epithelium. 2 Benign examples?

Answer 1

Adenoma
Papilloma

Question 2

Nomenclature. Epithelium. 2 Malignant examples?

Answer 2

Adenocarcinoma
Papillary carcinoma

Question 3

Nomenclature. Mesenchyme (visi minkštieji audiniai). Benign example?

Answer 3

Lipoma

Question 4

Nomenclature. Mesenchyme (visi minkštieji audiniai). Malignant example?

Answer 4

Liposarcoma

Question 5

Nomenclature. Lymphocyte. Benign?

Answer 5

not exist

Question 6

Nomenclature. Lymphocyte. Malignant?

Answer 6

Lymphoma/leukemia

Question 7

Nomenclature. Melanocyte. Bening?

Answer 7

Nevus (mole)

Question 8

Nomenclature. Melanocyte. Malignant?

Answer 8

Melanoma

Question 9

Carcinogens. Aflatoxin –>?

Answer 9

Hepatocellular carcinoma

Question 10

Carcinogens. Hepatocellular carcinoma caused by?

Answer 10

Aflatoxin

Question 11

Carcinogens. Where is found aflatoxin?

Answer 11

Derived from Aspergillus, which can contaminate stored rice and grains

Question 12

Carcinogens. Alkylating agents –>?

Answer 12

Leukemia/lymphoma

Question 13

Carcinogens. Leukemia/lymphoma caused by?

Answer 13

Alkylating agents

Question 14

Carcinogens. Alcohol –>?

Answer 14

Squamous cell carcinoma of oropharynx and upper esophagus, and hepatocellular carcinoma

Question 15

Carcinogens. Squamous cell carcinoma of oropharynx and upper esophagus, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Caused by?

Answer 15

Alcohol

Question 16

Carcinogens. Arsenic –>?

Answer 16

Squamous cell carcinoma of skin, lung cancer, and angiosarcoma of liver

Question 17

Carcinogens. Squamous cell carcinoma of skin, lung cancer, and angiosarcoma of liver. Caused by?

Answer 17

Arsenic

Question 18

Carcinogens. Asbestos –>?

Answer 18

Lung carcinoma and mesothelioma

Question 19

Carcinogens. Lung carcinoma and mesothelioma caused by?

Answer 19

Asbestos

Question 20

Carcinogens. Where is found arsenic?

Answer 20

Present in cigarette smoke

Question 21

Carcinogens. Asbestos. Exposure more likely will lead to lung cancer or mesothelioma?

Answer 21

Lung cancer

Question 22

Carcinogens. Cigarette smoke –>?

Answer 22

Carcinoma of oropharynx, esophagus, lung, kidney bladder and pancreas

Question 23

Carcinogens. Carcinoma of oropharynx, esophagus, lung, kidney bladder and pancreas. Caused by?

Answer 23

Cigarette smoke

Question 24

Carcinogens. Most common carcinogen worldwide?

Answer 24

Cigarette smoke

Question 25

Carcinogens. What is a particular carcinogen in cigarette smoke?

Answer 25

Polycyclic hydrocarbons

Question 26

Carcinogens. Nitrosamines -->

Answer 26

Stomach carcinoma

Question 27

Carcinogens. Stomach carcinoma caused by?

Answer 27

Nitrosamines

Question 28

Carcinogens. Where are found nitrosamines and in what region?

Answer 28

In smoked foods. Responsible for high rate of stomach carcinoma in Japan

Question 29

Carcinogens. Naphthylamine -->

Answer 29

Urothelial carcinoma of bladder

Question 30

Carcinogens. Urothelial carcinoma of bladder caused by?

Answer 30

Naphthylamine(from cigarete smoke)

Question 31

Carcinogens. Napthylamine is derived by?

Answer 31

cigarette smoke

Question 32

Carcinogens. Vinyl chloride -->

Answer 32

Angiosarcoma of liver

Question 33

Carcinogens. Angiosarcoma of liver

Answer 33

Vinyl chloride

Question 34

Carcinogens. Where is used polyvinyl chloride (PVC)? What exposure?

Answer 34

used to make pipes. Exposure - occupational

Question 35

Carcinogens. Nickel, chromium, beryllium, silica --> What exposure?

Answer 35

Lung carcinoma Occupational

Question 36

Carcinogens. Lung carcinoma caused by (occupational)?

Answer 36

Nickel, chromium, beryllium, silica

Question 37

Carcinogens. EBV -->?

Answer 37

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Burkitt lymphoma, and CNS lymphoma in AIDS

Question 38

Carcinogens. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Burkitt lymphoma, and CNS lymphoma in AIDS. Caused by?

Answer 38

EBV

Question 39

Carcinogens. HHV-8 -->?

Answer 39

Kaposi sarcoma

Question 40

Carcinogens. Kaposi sarcoma caused by?

Answer 40

HHV-8

Question 41

Carcinogens. HBV and HCV -->?

Answer 41

Hepatocellular carcinoma

Question 42

Carcinogens. Hepatocellular carcinoma caused by virus?

Answer 42

HBV and HCV

Question 43

Carcinogens. HTLV-1 -->?

Answer 43

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma

Question 44

Carcinogens. Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma caused by?

Answer 44

HTLV-1

Question 45

Carcinogens. High risk HPV (16, 18, 31, 33) -->?

Answer 45

Squamous cell carcinoma of vulva, vagina, anus, and cervix; adenocarcinoma of cervix

Question 46

Carcinogens. Squamous cell carcinoma of vulva, vagina, anus, and cervix; adenocarcinoma of cervix. Caused by?

Answer 46

High risk HPV (16, 18, 31, 33)

Question 47

Carcinogens. Ionizing radiation (nuclear reactor accidents and radiotherapy) -->?

Answer 47

AML, CML, and papillary carcinoma of the thyroid

Question 48

Carcinogens. AML, CML, and papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. Caused by?

Answer 48

Ionizing (nuclear reactor accidents and radiotherapy)

Question 49

Carcinogens. What generates ionizing radiation?

Answer 49

Generates hydroxyl free radicals

Question 50

Carcinogens. Nonionizing radiation (UVB sunlight is most common source) -->

Answer 50

basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma of skin

Question 51

Carcinogens. basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma of skin. Caused by?

Answer 51

Nonionizing radiation (UVB sunlight is most common source

Question 52

Carcinogens. Nonionizing radication what generates?

Answer 52

Results in formation of pyrimidine dimers in DNA, which are normally excised by restriction endonuclease