3-Disease Causing Bacteria

Question 1

classifying and grouping

Answer 1

1. taxonomic- 16s rRNA, cell envelope structure, shape arrangement, metabolic indicator
2. nontaxonomic- lifestyle, unique characters, infection pattern

Question 2

anaerobes more likely cause

Answer 2

abscesses bc lack oxygen

Question 3

mycobacterium tuberculosis cause

Answer 3

tissue tropism

Question 4

clinical approach

Answer 4

1. site of infection and symtomology
2. quick tests to ID pathogens
3. sensitivity testing

Question 5

corynebacterium diptheria

Answer 5

highly pleomorphic
causes diptheria, pharyngitis, can lead to death

TDaP vaccine

Question 6

listeria monocytogenes

Answer 6

-short rods
-intracellular pathogen
-raw vegetables and ready to eat meats
-age extremes and preg high risk

survive at high salt, wide pH, and 1-45 celcius

Question 7

how divide gram + cocci

Answer 7

whether they produce catalase or not

Question 8

staphylococcus

Answer 8

gram + cocci cluster catalase +

grow in variety of conditions, many on skin or nares

Question 9

medically relevant staphylococcus

Answer 9

1. S. aureus- golden appearance, not coag
2. S. saprophyticus- saprophyte
3. S. epidermidis- skin

2 & 3 test by novobiocin sensitive, will coagulate

Question 10

MRSA

Answer 10

methicillin resistant S. aureus
-resist to every beta-lactam

Question 11

hemolysis pattern alpha

Answer 11

green = partial hemolysis on blood agar

Question 12

beta hemolysis

Answer 12

complete clearing, hemolysis on blood agar

Question 13

gamma hemolysis

Answer 13

no discoloration, no hemolysis

Question 14

streptococcus

Answer 14

gram + cocci catalase neg in chains

most facultative anaerobes

Question 15

GAS- strep. pyogenes

Answer 15

transient colonizer or oropharync inkids/young adults

strep throat, scarlet fever,

Question 16

GBS-strep. agalactiae

Answer 16

normal microbiota of GI and GU

preg women and neonates

Question 17

viridans group strep

Answer 17

no lancefield antigens

Strep. pneumoniae
E. facecalis and facecium

Question 18

Strep. pneumoniae

Answer 18

gram + diplococci in chains
will lyse in bile salts

Question 19

E. faecalis and faecium

Answer 19

group D strep

UTIs

Question 20

diplococci aerobic

Answer 20

1. neisseria meningitidis (maltose +)
2. neisseria gonorrhea (maltose -)

Question 21

Neisseria spp

Answer 21

gram - cocci in pairs, coffee bean shape
-miningitidis and gonorrhoeae

Question 22

moraxella catarrhalis

Answer 22

gram - diplococci
-bronchitis, sinusitis, middle ear infection

Question 23

pseudomonas aeruginosa

Answer 23

gram neg rod, NON ferment
-oxidase pos

extensive burns

Question 24

escherichia coli

Answer 24

gram neg rods
-fac anaerobes and lactose ferment pos
-part of normal microbiota but some strict pathogens

Question 25

salmonella spp

Answer 25

gram - rods fac anaerobe typhi = strict human pathogen, only in humans, typhoid fever non-typhoidal = strict human and in variety of animals, mild diarrhea produec hydrogen sulfide

Question 26

shigella

Answer 26

gram - rods fac anaerobe -intracell pathoden, strict, humans only diarrhea > dysentery

Question 27

yersinia

Answer 27

gram - rods fac anaerobe -many animal reservoirs -plague, bloody diahhrea,

Question 28

enterobacteriaceae

Answer 28

1. klebsiella pneumoniae 2. proteus mirabilis- UTIs

Question 29

rare infections from hospitals

Answer 29

1. enterobacter aerogenes 2. serratia marcescens

Question 30

vibrio

Answer 30

curved rods, gram - grow in alkaline pH, marine water so salt tolerant

Question 31

vibrio relevant species

Answer 31

1. V. cholerae 2. V. vulnificus 3. V. parahaemolyticus

Question 32

camphylobacter jejuni

Answer 32

animal reservoirs

Question 33

helicobacter pylori

Answer 33

gram neg curved rods microaerophilic colonization in stomach

Question 34

coccobacilli

Answer 34

gram neg, oval shape

Question 35

haemophilus influenzae

Answer 35

capsule/typed strains nontypeable/no capsule

Question 36

P. multocida

Answer 36

abscess formation in animal bites

Question 37

brucella spp

Answer 37

1. abortus 2. melitensis 3. suis intracellular pathogens spontaenous abortions

Question 38

francisella tularensis

Answer 38

aerobic

Question 39

bordetella pertussis

Answer 39

restricted to humans, strict patho whooping cough

Question 40

mycobacterium

Answer 40

not gram staining M. avium complex M. leprae

Question 41

M. leprae

Answer 41

animal

Question 42

mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 43

legionella pneumophilia

Question 44

spirochetes

Answer 44

1. borrelia 2. leptospira interrogans 3. treponema palladium