3. experimental designs

Question 1

repeated measures

Answer 1

all participants take part in all levels of the IV and the results of the DV in both conditions are compared

Question 2

repeated measures evaluation

Answer 2

+ less participants are needed
+participant variables
-order effects
-demand characteristics

counterbalancing used to control the impact of order effects

Question 3

independent groups

Answer 3

participants split so different participants take part in different levels of IV, DV is compared

Question 4

independent groups evaluation

Answer 4

+demand characteristics
+order effects
-need to recruit more participants
-participant variables

randomly allocated conditions

Question 5

matched pairs

Answer 5

different participants used in each level of the IV but are matched as much as possible so they are similar on key characteristics that are likely to influence the DV

Question 6

matched pairs evaluation

Answer 6

+order effect
+demand characteristics less likely
+participant variables controlled
-number of participants, more difficult to match

Question 7

fatigue effect

Answer 7

deterioration of performance across conditions as participants become tierd or board- order effect

Question 8

practice effect

Answer 8

improvement across conditions through familiarity of the task or environment

Question 9

random allocation

Answer 9

used in independent groups to control for participant variables
each participant has the same chance of being allocated to either condition

Question 10

counterbalancing

Answer 10

used in repeated measures
aims to balance out any differences

Question 11

randomisation

Answer 11

used to randomly determiner the order of presentation of conditions

Question 12

standardisation

Answer 12

all participants have exactly the same experience so individual experience doesn’t cause participants to engage with the study differently