3) Fossil fuels

Question 1

Energy

Answer 1

• ability to do work and make change
• everything we do uses energy
  *we can store or use energy

Question 2

Kinetic energy

Answer 2

energy possessed by a moving object

Question 3

Potential energy

Answer 3

energy that is stored and can be used at another time

Question 4

Atom

Answer 4

smallest unit of elements
substances are made of particles called atoms

Question 5

Element

Answer 5

Substances made up of one specific type of atom

Question 6

Periodic table

Answer 6

Place where you can get information about all known elements + also where new elements can be placed
Split into two key sections - metals and non-metals

Question 7

Properties of metals

Answer 7

Good conductor of electricity
Solid at room temperature (except mercury)
Shiny appearance

Question 8

Properties of non-metals

Answer 8

Bad conductor of heat / electricity
Not shiny - dull appearance

Question 9

How many periods and groups are there in the Periodic Table

Answer 9

7 periods , 18 groups

Question 10

Proton

Answer 10

Particle with positive charge - same mass as neutron

Question 11

Neutron

Answer 11

Particle with no charge - same mass as proton

Question 12

Electron

Answer 12

Negative charge - mass of 1/1840 that of a proton/neutron

Question 13

Atomic number

Answer 13

Number of protons/neutrons

Question 14

Mass number

Answer 14

Total number of protons and neutrons in nucleus

Question 15

Max electrons in 1st energy level

Answer 15

2 electrons

Question 16

Max electrons in 2nd energy level

Answer 16

8 electrons

Question 17

Max electrons in 3rd energy level

Answer 17

8 electrons

Question 18

Max electrons in 4th energy level

Answer 18

16 electrons

Question 19

Compound

Answer 19

Substance made of 2+ different elements
Combined chemically e.g. water = hydrogen + oxygen

Question 20

Mixture

Answer 20

Two or more substances mixed together but not chemically combined e.g. cereal and milk

Question 21

Extraction

Answer 21

Separating different compounds present in the same substance

Question 22

Chromatography

Answer 22

Technique widely used to separate dissolved solid materials

Question 23

Distillation

Answer 23

Can be used to separate two liquids which are mixed, or a solid and a liquid

Question 24

Acid

Answer 24

Sour taste, pH below 7, turns blue litmus paper red

Question 25

Base

Answer 25

Bitter taste, slimy/slippery, pH above 7, turns red litmus paper blue

Question 26

pH

Answer 26

allows us to determine the strength of acids and bases

Question 27

Neutralisation

Answer 27

When a base neutralises an acid Neutralising = return pH to 7 Equation = Acid + Base ---> Salt + Water

Question 28

Combustion

Answer 28

Burning a fuel in OXYGEN

Question 29

What is causing temperatures to rise?

Answer 29

Pollution, overpopulation, fossil fuels

Question 30

What is the greenhouse effect?

Answer 30

The more greenhouse gases there are, the more heat that is trapped Increase in concentration of greenhouse gases leads to a greater greenhouse effect

Question 31

Problems with warming temperatures

Answer 31

Melting ice caps, sea levels rise, weather more extreme

Question 32

Greenhouse gases

Answer 32

Carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, water vapour

Question 33

Ocean acidification

Answer 33

Direct result of too much carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. As carbonic acid is formed, there is an increase in H+ (hydrogen) ions and this lowers the pH, making the water more acidic.

Question 34

Renewable energy examples

Answer 34

Solar, wind, tidal/wave, biomass, geothermal

Question 35

Word equations

Answer 35

When a chemical reactions occurs, we can show this with a word/symbol equation