3: Personality Disorders

Question 1

Define personality

Answer 1

Collection characteristics and traits that make us individual. Includes way we think, feel and behave. These characteristics are enduring and pervasive over time.

Question 2

What is personality disorder

Answer 2

Individual characteristic or enduring patterns of inner experience and behaviour that deviated markedly from social norm and manifest as:

• Cognition
• Affectivity
• Impulses
• Interpersonal relationships

Question 3

How can cognition be affected

Answer 3

Way individual interprets a situation - which forms attitudes, image or self of others

Question 4

How can affect be impacted in personality disorder

Answer 4

• Range

- Arousal and response

Question 5

How can impulses be affected

Answer 5

• Control over impulses

Question 6

How can interpersonal needs be affected

Answer 6

• Manner in relating to others

Question 7

What is the problem with personality disorder

Answer 7

Often causes significant distress to the individual or those around them

Question 8

In males, what two personality disorders are most common

Answer 8

• Anti-social

- Narcissistic

Question 9

In females, what two personality disorders are more common

Answer 9

• Histrionic

- Borderline

Question 10

What are two factors thought to cause personality disorders

Answer 10

Genetic: genetic concordance between twins

Developmental: abuse or neglect

Question 11

What are two risk factors for personality disorder

Answer 11

• FH

- Abuse or Neglect

Question 12

How are personality disorders classified

Answer 12

Cluster A

Cluster B

Cluster C

Question 13

How would you describe cluster A personality disorders

Answer 13

Odd and eccentric

Question 14

What are the 3 cluster A personality disorders

Answer 14

Schizoid
Schizotypal
Paranoid

Question 15

What in the family history increases risk of cluster A personality disorders

Answer 15

Psychosis

Question 16

What are the predominant features of cluster B personality disorders

Answer 16

Dramatic
Emotional
Erratic

Question 17

What are 4 personality disorders in cluster B

Answer 17

• Histrionic
• Borderline
• Narcissistic
• Anti-social

Question 18

What is a risk factor in the family for cluster B

Answer 18

Mood Disorders

Question 19

What are features of cluster C personality disorders

Answer 19

Anxious
Fearful
Avoidant

Question 20

What are the three cluster C personality disorders

Answer 20

• Avoidant
• Dependant
• Anakastic (Obsessive-Compulsive)

Question 21

What are 3 cluster A personality disorders

Answer 21

Paranoid
Schizoid
Schizotypal

Question 22

Describe features of paranoid personality disorder

Answer 22

Suspicious: questions loyalty of friends, misinterprets
actions as hostile

Hypersensitive: takes criticism as personal attack on character

Jealous

Pre-occupation with beliefs with hidden meanings

High sense of self-importance

Question 23

Describe schizoid personality disorder

Answer 23

Spends lots of solitary time

Lack of interests

Indifferent to criticism

Lack of physical intimacy

Emotionally cold

Question 24

Define schizotypal personality disorder

Answer 24

• Ideas of reference (some insight compared to
  schizophrenia)
• Magical thinking
• Paranoid Idea
• Odd speech

Question 25

What is magical thinking

Answer 25

Individual believes their behaviour caused an external event

Question 26

What are the 4 cluster B personality disorders

Answer 26

- Antisocial - Borderline - Histrionic - Narcissistic

Question 27

What is antisocial personality disorder

Answer 27

- Does not conform to social norms with regards to the law - Purposefully lies for pleasure or profit - Is not concerned about safety of others - Aggressive - Impulsive

Question 28

What is borderline personality disorder

Answer 28

- Extreme efforts to avoid actual or perceived abandonment - Recurrent suicidal behaviour - Unstable relationships: alternates between idealisation and devaluation - Unstable self-image - Chronic feelings of emptiness - Inability to control anger

Question 29

What is histrionic personality disorder

Answer 29

- Inappropriate sexual seductiveness - Uses physical appearance to seduce others - Needs to the the centre of attention - Shallow expression of emotion

Question 30

What is narcissistic personality disorder

Answer 30

- Increases sense of self-importance - Lack of empathy - Uses others to achieve higher status - Excessive need admiration - Chronic envy

Question 31

What are the 3 cluster C personality disorders

Answer 31

- Akanthastic (Obsessive - Compulsive) - Avoidant - Dependent

Question 32

Explain anakastic (Obsessive-Compulsive) personality disorder

Answer 32

- Excessively concerned productivity - Timetables and schedules - Pedantic - Stubborn - Inhibited by perfectionism - Incapable of depositing of worn-out things

Question 33

Explain avoidant

Answer 33

- Avoids interpersonal occupation activities due to fear of rejection - Unwilling to be involved unless can guarantee being liked - Views self as inferior to others - Complex: social isolation - but craves social contact

Question 34

Explain dependent

Answer 34

- Difficultly making everyday decisions - Needs others to assume responsibility - Difficultly expressing disagreement - Searches for new relationship when one ends - Unrealistic fear can't cope for themselves

Question 35

What is used to assess for personality disorder

Answer 35

SCID-11 (structured clinical interview for DSM-V)

Question 36

Name 4 personality questionnaires

Answer 36

- Eyes neck personality Q - Minnesota personality inventory - Revised Neo-personality inventory - Standardised assessment personality scale

Question 37

What is used in acute phase for PD

Answer 37

Risk assessment - may need inpatient care or CRHT

Question 38

What was initial problem with personality disorders

Answer 38

Deemed untreatable

Question 39

What is used to treat personality disorders

Answer 39

Self harm: dialectal behavioural therapy Mentalisation based therapy Psychotherapy CBT

Question 40

Explain medications for personality disorder

Answer 40

NICE do not support use medications for PD