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3 - PT Flashcards

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1
Q

caveatting tumours are seen in which lung cancer

A

squamous cell

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2
Q

lung cancer that has invaded phrenic nerve may cause what

A

a raised hemidiphragm

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3
Q

which type of lung cancer may secrete ACTH

A

small cell

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4
Q

lung histology: caseating granuloma with giant calls

A

TB

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5
Q

lung histology: atypical epithelial tubules in a sarcomatous background

A

mesothelioma

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6
Q

lung histology: Large undifferentiated neoplastic cells

A

large cell

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7
Q

lung histology: pleomorphic cells in a cluster with keratin pearls and intercellular bridges

A

squamous cell

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8
Q

lung histology: neoplastic cells forming mucinous glands

A

adenocarcinoma

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9
Q

goon focus in lungs

A

primary TB

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10
Q

diagnosis of renal or milady TB

A

early morning urine sample

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11
Q

rifampicin side effect

A

hepatitis

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12
Q

isoniazid is used for what

A

treat TB

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13
Q

Isoniazid side effect

A

hepatits and neuropathy

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14
Q

lights criteria for pleural effusion suggesting trasudative

A

pleaural fluid to serum ratio: protein < 0.5
pleaural fluid to serum ratio: lactate < 0.6
pleaural fluid to serum ratio: LDH < 2/3rds of upper level of normal

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15
Q

most common cause of transudative effusion

A

heart failure

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16
Q

4 causes of transudative

A

heart failure
cirrhosis
nephrotic syndrome
meigs syndrome

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17
Q

8 causes of exudative

A 
pneumonia
malignancy 
pleural infection 
pancreatitis 
PE
trauma 
rheumatoid 
sub phrenic absces
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18
Q

what may squamous cell carcinomas secrete

A

parathyroid like peptide = high calcium

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19
Q

what is the most common, small cell or non-small cell cancers

A

non small 87% (squamous, adeno and large)

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20
Q

what is meigs syndrome causes transudative effusions, what is meigs syndrome

A

is the triad of ascites, pleural effusion, and benign ovarian tumor

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21
Q

c - ANCA positive think

A

granulomatisis with polyangiitis

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22
Q

features of severe asthma attach: peak flow

Study These Flashcards
A

peak flow < 50% of measured or best predicted

23
Q

features of severe asthma attach: HR

24
Q

features of severe asthma attach: RR

25
features of severe asthma attach: speech
cannot finish sentences
26
features of fatal asthma attach: peak flow
< 33%
27
features of fatal asthma attach: PCO2
> 6 suggests fatigue so not blowing off CO2, suggest imminent resp failure
28
features of fatal asthma attach: auscultation
silent chest = poor air entry
29
ground glass appearance on CT
pulmonary fibrosis (this appearance is better prognosis than honey comb appearance)
30
pathogen associated with aspiration pneumonia (alchy bastards)
Klebsiella
31
klebsiella is common in alcoholic pneumonias, bit also who else
diabetics and chronic lung disease
32
antibiotics for klebsiela
carbapenems
33
lobe most likely affected by aspiration pneumonia
right upper lobe
34
farmers lung is also known as
hypersensitivity pneumonitis
35
non-caseating granuloma
sarcoid
36
schumann bodies
sarcoid
37
caseating granulomaa
TB
38
stains for TB
Ziehl-Neelson (shows acid fast bacilli)
39
deficiency in which Ig's is associated with bronchiectasis
IgG2 and IgG4
40
most common organisms associated with bronchiectasis
pneumococcus and H. influenza
41
rare complication seen in bronchiectasis, especially when nasal sinuses are involved
brain abscess
42
small cell cancer arises from which type of cell
oat cells - from endocrine cells
43
which non-small cell lung cancer is associated with asbestosis
adeno - cos it arises in scar tissue
44
which cancer: large mucked sputum production
adeno
45
small cell treatment
chemo and radio
46
non-small cell treatment
surgery +/- chemo
47
which features will indicate a lung cancer is NON operable
- mets - if near hilum - FEV1 >1.5 - vocal cord paralysis
48
where do lung cancers tend to met to
brain, bone, liver
49
name for shin lesions in sarcoid
erythema nodosum
50
eye condition see in sarcoid (dry itchy eyes)
Keratoconjunctivitis sicca
51
CXR findings in sarcoid
hilar lyphadenopathy
52
no formal drug form sarcoid but what may be given in more severe cases
steroids, chloroquine, NSAIDs
53
diagnosis: clubbing, dry cough, basal creps
fibrosis
54
Diagnosis: clubbing, cyanosis, sputum with haemoptysis, florid creps in both bases
bronchiectsis

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