Vocab Chapter 2 Melissa Harrison Flashcards
Administrative Law
The body of law that regulates the operation and procedures of government agencies.
Bylaws
A rule made by a company or society to control the actions of its members.
Civil/Private Law
Private law is that part of a civil law legal system which is part of the jus commune that involves relationships between individuals, such as the law of contracts or torts (as it is called in the common law), and the law of obligations (as it is called in civil legal systems).
Constitutional Law
Constitutional law is a branch of public law, the body of rules regulating the functioning of the state. Constitutional law is a branch of public law, the body of rules regulating the functioning of the state.
Contract Law
An agreement creating obligations enforceable by law. The basic elements of a contract are mutual assent, consideration, capacity, and legality. In some states, the element of consideration can be satisfied by a valid substitute.
Criminal Law
A system of law concerned with the punishment of those who commit crimes.
Distinguishing Case
In law, to distinguish a case means a court decides the holding or legal reasoning of a precedent case will not apply due to materially different facts between the two cases.
Domestic Law
Municipal law is the national, domestic, or internal law of a sovereign state defined in opposition to international law. Municipal law includes not only law at the national level, but law at the state, provincial, territorial, regional or local levels.
International Law
A body of rules established by custom or treaty and recognized by nations as binding in their relations with one another.
Jurisdiction
The official power to make legal decisions and judgments. The system is called a Judicature.
Procedural law
Procedural law or adjective law comprises the rules by which a court hears and determines what happens in civil lawsuit, criminal or administrative proceedings.
Property Law
Property law is the area of law that governs the various forms of ownership and tenancy in real property (land as distinct from personal or movable possessions) and in personal property, within the common law legal system.
Public Law
The law of relationships between individuals and the government.
Statute Law
The body of principles and rules of law laid down in statutes.
Substantive Law
Substantive law is the statutory, or written law, that defines rights and duties, such as crimes and punishments (in the criminal law), civil rights and responsibilities in civil law. It is codified in legislated statutes or can be enacted through the initiative process.
