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Block 8 Week 2 Colt > CNS Neoplasms - Usera > Flashcards

CNS Neoplasms - Usera Flashcards

1
Q

What makes up 70-80% of all CNS tumors?

A

astrocytomas

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2
Q

What parts of the brain do astrocytomas normally involve?

A

cerebral hemispheres

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3
Q

What is a grade 1 astroyctoma?

A

pilocytic astrocytoma

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4
Q

What is a grade 2 astroyctoma?

A

diffusely infiltrating astrocytoma

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5
Q

What is a grade 3 astroyctoma?

A

anaplastic astrocytoma

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6
Q

What is a grade 4 astroyctoma?

A

glioblastoma multiforme

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7
Q 
What is this?
cystic, well circumscribed
in the cerebellum
dense, "hair like" fibrillary meshwork
little/no nuclear atypia
Rosenthal Fibers
A

pilocytic astrocytoma

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8
Q

Does a pilocytic astrocytoma have a p53 mutation?

A

no

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9
Q

in what age group does pilocytic astrocytoma usually occur?

A

children and young adults

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10
Q

What is the adult tumor that arises from astrocytes?

A

GBM

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11
Q

T/F: diffusely infiltrating astrocytomas are poorly differentiated

A

true

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12
Q

T/F: diffusely infiltrating astrocytoma has high mitotic figures

A

false; none

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13
Q 
What is this?
poorly defined
distorts brain architecture
increased cellularity with mild to moderate nuclear atypia
no mitotic figures
A

diffusely infiltrating astrocytoma

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14
Q

Does diffusely infiltrating astrocytoma have a p53 mutation?

A

yup

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15
Q

What is the prognosis for DIA?

A

variable, but usually indolent lesion

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16
Q

What is this?

High mitotic figures, cellularity, and nuclear atypia with a p53 mutation

A

Anaplastic astrocytoma

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17
Q

what is the median survival of anaplastic astrocytoma?

A

3 yearz

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18
Q

what is the most common CNS neoplasm?

A

GBM

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19
Q

What does AMEN stand for in GBM?

A

Atypia
Mitotic figures
Endothelial proliferation
Necrosis

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20
Q

T/F: GBM shows high mitotic figures but no nuclear pleomorphism

A

false; shows both

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21
Q

Does GBM have a p53 mutation?

A

yes

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22
Q

GBM characteristically crosses the (blank), forming a butterfly lesion

A

corpus callosum

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23
Q

Describe the histologic appearance of GBM?

A

regions of necrosis surrounded by PSEUDOPALLISADING tumor cells

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24
Q

T/F: all astrocytomas, including GBM, are GFAP +

A

true

25
Q

T/F: oligodendromas are GFAP+

A

false; only astrocytomas

26
Q

what is the lowest grade of oligodendroma?

A

2

27
Q

when is an oligodendroma most common?

A

4-5th decade of life

28
Q

What is this?

infiltrating, cystic, hemorrhagic, frequent calcifications of the cerebral hemispheres

A

oligodendroma

29
Q

Oligodendroma has a (hi/low) proliferative rate

A

low

30
Q

Loss of 1p and 19q is associated with a (good/bad) response to chemo in OGD

A

good

31
Q

what grade is an anaplastic oligodendroma?

A

grade 3

32
Q

oligodendromas that have many features similar to GBM are what grade?

A

4

33
Q

What is this?

fried egg nuclei with chicken wire vasculature

A

oligodendroma

34
Q

T/F: meningiomas are benign

A

true

35
Q

Do meningiomas happen more in females or males? how do we remember this?

A

females 3:2

PR+ and ER+

36
Q

Meningiomas are associated with loss of chromosome (blank)

A

22

37
Q

Meningiomas arise from the meningoepithelial cells of the (blank)

A

arachnoid

38
Q

what are the common locations of meningiomas?

A 
parasagittal
olfactory groove
suprasellar
Clivus
Foramen magnum
Cerebellar
39
Q

Da fuck are these found in?
WHORLED pattern of growth
Psamomma bodies

A

meningiomas (psamomma looks like boobs since this happens more in women)

40
Q

Where do we find normal ependymal cells?

A

lining the ventricular system

41
Q

T/F: ependyomas happen in both children and adults

A

true

42
Q

Ependyoma is associated with which genetic dz?

A

NF2

43
Q

From ages 0-20 yrs, what is the most common location for an ependyoma?

A

paraventricular or 4th ventricle

44
Q

A tumor in the spinal cord in an adult is most likely what type of cancer?

A

ependyoma

45
Q

A cerebellar tumor in kids that was derived from the external granular cell layer (aka NEUROECTODERM) and associated with 17p- and MYC amplification is most likely…

A

medulloblastoma

46
Q

17p- and MYC amplification has what effect on prognosis of medulloblastoma?

A

poor, agressive

47
Q

T/F: medulloblastoma is not radiosensitive and requires special imaging procedures

A

false

48
Q 
What is this?
small round blue cell tumor
neuronal and glial phenotypes
Homer-Wright rosettes in the neuronal phenotype
GFAP+ in the glial phenotype
A

medulloblastoma

49
Q

(Medulloblastoma/ependyoma) shows perivascular PSEUDOrosettes

A

ependyoma

50
Q

primary CNS lymphomas are high-grade B cell NHL associated with which virus?

A

EBV

51
Q

Do normal people get primary CNS lymphomas?

A

nope, need to be immunosuppressed

AIDS, post-transplant

52
Q

T/F: primary CNS lymphomas are multifocal

A

true

53
Q

Primary CNS lymphomas are BCL (2/6) pos

A

BCL-6

54
Q

What are the most common mets to the brain?

A
  1. lung
  2. breat
  3. melanoma
  4. RCC
  5. GI
55
Q

Mets to the brain make up what percent of all intracranial malignancy?

A

25-50%

56
Q

where do mets normally present?

A

at the grey-white junction as well circumscribed lesions

57
Q

Pimary tumors in adults occur (above/below) the tentorium

A

above

58
Q

primary tumors in children occur (above/below) the tentorium

A

below

Block 8 Week 2 Colt (6 decks)

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