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Head and Neck Anatomy Practice Questions > thyroid and root of the neck > Flashcards

thyroid and root of the neck Flashcards

1
Q

what does CN I do? how do you test it?

A

olfaction. coffee or peppermint smell

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2
Q

could you use alcohol to test CN1?

A

nope. that would be pain => trigeminal

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3
Q

what does CN II do? how do you test it?

A

optic. test visual field and pupil dilation

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4
Q

what is the efferent portion of pupil dilation?

A

occulomotor CN III

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5
Q

what are CN III,IV, VI?

A

occulomotor, trochlear and abducens

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6
Q

How would you test V? what is the name of that nerve?

A

touch their face. preferably in a nice way. also check their chewing muscles V3 (have them bite and feel masseter) trigeminal

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7
Q

how would you test chordae tympani?

A

put a little drop of sugar water on the anterior 2/3 of their tongue. this is important if you do surgery for middle ear (cochlear implant)

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8
Q

how would you test VII? what is the name of that nerve.

A

make faces at them and have them copy

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9
Q

how would you test the reflex arc between V and VII

A

put cotton on the cornea. that eliccits response from trigeminal and the muscle movement of orbicularis oculi is VII

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10
Q

How would you test VIII in a not creepy way?

A

close eyes and make a noise on one side of the head. which ear did they use.

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11
Q

what does the weber test do?

A

tests which ear has better bone conduction. that ear will sense the sound louder when you put the tuning fork on the top of you head

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12
Q

is nostagmus normal?

A

yes. if you spin in a chair and stop, then your eyes will twitch. also bosma has it

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13
Q

what reflex arc tests CN IX and X? what happens?

A

gag reflex. elevate the palate.

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14
Q

patient says “ah” and uvula goes to the left. where is the lesion?

A

check this. its either CN IX or X. but it is on the side OPPOSITE of the direction of the uvula. here, lesion is on the right

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15
Q

how do you test CN XI and XII

A

ask if they can shrug their shoulders against resistance

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16
Q

tongue deviates to the left side. where is lesion?

A

you lost the left side of XII. “TOngue deviates TOwards”

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17
Q

what is afferent/efferent limb of the jaw jerk reflex?

A

V3/V3. both ways.

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18
Q

what is relationship between thyroid cartilage and thyroid gland?

A

cartilage is SUPERIOR to the gland (C5-T1)

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19
Q

what is relationship between hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage?

A

hyoid is SUPERIOR to the thyroid cartilage

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20
Q

which muscles form the lateral border of the isthmus of the thyroid? fascia?

A

sternohyoid and cricothyroid/ pretrachial fascia

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21
Q

what fascia layer is on the posterior portion of the thyroid?

A

buccopharyngeal attaches on the posterior portion and encloses the esophagus, trachea, recurrent laryngeal n., middle thyroid vein.

22
Q

which fascia encloses the vagus nerve?

A

this is a trick question. the recurrent laryngeal nerve is a branch of vagus. its in the visceral layer of pretrachial fascia. the main trunk of the vagus is in the carotid sheath

23
Q

what fascia is directly ANTERIOR to the vertebral body

A

prevertebral fascia

24
Q

what are the two main arteries that go to the thyroid?

A

inferior thyroid that comes off the thyrocervical trunk and goes POSTERIOR to the carotid sheath; also superior thyroid off the EXTERNAL carotid

25
Q

what are the three veins from the thyroid?

A

inferior drains drains to brachiocephalic v the middle and superior drain into internal jugular

26
Q

what does the R recurrent laryngeal recurrent go around?

A

Right is the right subclavian and comes in more LATERALLY; left goes around the arch of the aorta

27
Q

relationship between inferior thyroid artery and recurrent laryngial nerve

A

posterior to the lower branch of the artery and anterior to the upper branch of the artery

28
Q

what artery can branch directly off the arch of the aorta or the brachiocephalic?

A

thyroid ima artery in 10-12% of people; if you don’t realize its there, you can tear a hole in this vessel. thats bad.

29
Q

relationship between thyrocervical trunk and the phrenic nerve

A

the Artery is Anterior to the phrenic

30
Q

review: where does the thoracic duct drain?

A

the angle between the L internal jugular and the L subclavian (venous angle)

31
Q

what would you use a sestamibi scan for?

A

nuclear scan to light up the parathyroid. used for an adenoma

32
Q

you might have to remove part of the hyoid bone in the removal of ____

A

cyst of thyroid or accessory thyroid gland

33
Q

vagus nerve branches

what components do they have?

A

some motor to pharynx (gag reflex); superior laryngeal nerve this splits into internal laryngeal n (GVA) and external laryngeal nerve (SVE to cricothyroid and inferior constrictors); recurrent laryngeal is motor to vocal chords and some sensory below them (SVE and GVA)

34
Q

what are the four branches of superior thyroid

A

infrahyoid, sup. laryngeal, cricothyroid, sup. thyroid

35
Q

three branches of lingual a

A

deep lingual dorsal lingual, sublingual aa

36
Q

occipital a comes off of the ???

A

ECA

37
Q

what does cricothyroid m do

A

tilts forward to tighten the vocal fords

38
Q

T/F the sympathetic chain is part of the carotid sheath.

A

false. its posterior to the sheath

39
Q

phrenic neve is between what major vessels?

A

subclavian a/v

40
Q

thyrocervical trunk is near???

A

medial edge of the anterior scalene m.

41
Q

what branch of thyrocervical trunk is variable?

A

cervcodorsal trunk for ascending cervical a and transverse cervical a

42
Q

what are the three large sympathetic ganglion?

A

superior(C1-C4/5), middle(C5-6), inferior cervical (C7-8/TI) ganglion

43
Q

ansa cervicalis? ansa subclavia

A

loop of somatic nerves; loop of sympathetic nerves that is intuitively named because it loops around the subclavian artery

44
Q

prevertebral fascia continues inferiorly as

A

axillary sheath

45
Q

T/F cardiothoracic splancnic nerves are postganglionic

A

true! the splancnics in the ABDOMEN are preganglionic

46
Q

which trunk sits posterior to the anterior scalene

A

costocervical trunk

47
Q

where does dorsal scapular artery usually come off

A

dorsal scapular usually comes directly off the subclavian a.(dives between branches of brachial plexus)

48
Q

remember army goes over the bridge

A

suprascapular goes over the ligament of the scapula, the nerve goes under

49
Q

review: what type of nerves are in the carotid plexus?

A

sympathetics follow arteries!!

50
Q

relationship between thoracic duct and the phrenic nerve

A

thoracic duct is anterior to the phrenic n.

Head and Neck Anatomy Practice Questions (13 decks)

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