Algorithms 1.1

Question 1

Data Type

Answer 1

Set of values and a set of operations on those values

Question 2

Four primitive data types in Java

Answer 2

ints, doubles, booleans, chars

Question 3

identifier

Answer 3

a sequence of letters, digits, _, and $ the first of which is not a digit

Question 4

variable

Answer 4

names a data-type value

Question 5

operator (+,-,*,/)

Answer 5

names a data-type operation

Question 6

literal

Answer 6

source- code representation of a value

Question 7

expression

Answer 7

a literal, a variable, or a sequence of operations on literals and/or variables that produces a value

Question 8

Sets of Values on:
int
double
boolean
char

Answer 8

int: integers between -2^31 and +2^31 -1 (32 bit two’s complement)
double: double precision real numbers
boolean: true or false
char: characters (16 bit)

Question 9

Cast

Answer 9

a directive to convert a value of one type into a value of another type. e.g. casting a double to an int truncates toward zero

Question 10

Additional Primitives

Answer 10

long- 64-bit ints
short- 16-bit ints
char- 16 bit chars
byte-8 bit ints
float- 32-bit single precision real numbers

Question 11

Statements

Answer 11

Fundamental building block of a program. Contain created and manipulated variables, assigned values, and controlled flow of execution

Question 12

Declarations

Answer 12

Creates the variable and specifies type and name(identifier)

Question 13

Assignments

Answer 13

Associate data-type val w/ variable

Question 14

Initialize Declarations

Answer 14

A declaration and assignment put together. Declares and assigns at same time (e.g. int i=1)

Question 15

Implicit Assignments

Answer 15

Increment operators such as i++ or i /= 2

Question 16

Conditionals

Answer 16

Change in the flow of execution, e.g. if statements

Question 17

Loops

Answer 17

for/while loops

Question 18

Break

Answer 18

immediately exits the loop

Question 19

Continue

Answer 19

immediately begins the next iteration of the loop

Question 20

Array

Answer 20

Stores a sequence of values that are all of the same type.

Question 21

3 Steps of making an Array

Answer 21

1) Declare the array name and type
2) create the array
3) initialize the array values

Question 22

Does an array have a fixed size?

Answer 22

Yes

Question 23

How to create an array? (in short form)

Answer 23

double[] a= new double[N]; where N is the size of the array.

Question 24

What happens you try accessing an array with a bad index?

Answer 24

ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException

Question 25

two-dimensional arrays

Answer 25

2D array is an array of 1d arrays. row major order

Question 26

Static Methods

Answer 26

a function. Terminates via return statement. return type included in signature

Question 27

void

Answer 27

no return value. Can be included in a static method

Question 28

Three important rules of recursion

Answer 28

1) Base Case
2) address subproblems that are smaller in order to work back to base case
3) recursive calls should not address subproblems that overlap

Question 29

Modular programming

Answer 29

Static methods in one library can call static methods in another library

Question 30

Formatted output (% usage)

Answer 30

%d int 1
%f float 1.1
%e exp. 1.23e+02
%s string “Hello”

Question 31

Common Input/output libs

Answer 31

StdIn.java
StdOut.java
StdRandom.java