Lesson 2

Question 0

What is a case?

Answer 0

A person who has clinical signs of an infection.

Question 1

What is Infectious Disease Epidemiology?

Answer 1

It focuses on distribution, spread and control of diseases.

Question 2

Name some infectious agents.

Answer 2

Bacteria, protozoa, viruses, and prions are some infectious agents.

Question 3

What is infectious disease epidemiology used for?

Answer 3

Identifying causes of new diseases and infections, surveillance of disease, identifying source of outbreaks, studying routes of transmission and natural history of infection, and identifying new interventions.

Question 4

What is an acute disease?

Answer 4

A disease in which symptoms rapidly develop and quickly runs it’s course.

Question 5

What is a chronic disease?

Answer 5

A disease with mild symptoms that slowly develop and last a long time.

Question 6

What is an asymptomatic disease?

Answer 6

A disease without symptoms.

Question 7

What is a latent disease?

Answer 7

A disease that appears long after infection.

Question 8

What is a communicable disease?

Answer 8

A disease transmitted from one host to another.

Question 9

What is a contagious disease?

Answer 9

A communicable disease that is easily spread.

Question 10

What is a noncommunicable disease?

Answer 10

A disease arising from outside of a host or from an opportunistic pathogen.

Question 11

What is a local infection?

Answer 11

An infection confined to a small region of the body.

Question 12

What is a systemic infection?

Answer 12

An infection in many systems of the body. It often travels in the blood or lymph.

Question 13

What is a focal infection?

Answer 13

And infection that serves as a source of pathogens for infections at other sites of the body.

Question 14

What is a primary infection?

Answer 14

And initial infection within a given patient.

Question 15

What is a secondary infection?

Answer 15

Infections that often follow a primary infection. They are often caused by opportunistic pathogens.

Question 16

What are infectious disease is caused by?

Answer 16

They are caused by an infectious agent.

Question 17

What is the chain of infection?

Answer 17

Source to contact, airborne, or vector to host.

Question 18

What are some direct modes of transmission?

Answer 18

Skin to skin contact, through breastmilk, and sneezing and coughing.

Question 19

What are some indirect modes of transmission?

Answer 19

Food borne transmission, airborne transmission, Vectorborne transmission, and waterborne transmission.

Question 20

What is the timeline of infection?

Answer 20

Dynamics of disease, to infection, to incubation period, to symptomatic period, to being non diseased.

Question 21

What is an index case?

Answer 21

An index case is the first case identified.

Question 22

What is a primary case?

Answer 22

The primary case is the case that brings the infection to the population.

Question 23

What is a secondary case?

Answer 23

A secondary case is a person infected by a primary case.

Question 24

What is a tertiary case?

Answer 24

Tertiary case is a person affected by secondary case.

Question 25

How do you calculate the attack rate of a disease?

Answer 25

You calculate the attack rate by how many are ill divided by how many were exposed.

Question 26

What makes up the epidemiologic triad?

Answer 26

Agent, Host, and environment.