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MY Bacteriology FINAL > Brucella > Flashcards

Brucella Flashcards

1
Q

Is Brucella reportable?

A

YES

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2
Q

Brucella requires _____ for survival

A

animal host

*DOES NOT DO WELL IN ENVIRONMENT

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3
Q

What areas of the body are Brucella most associated with?

A

Reticuloendothelial and genital tract

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4
Q

What is the common manifestation of Brucella?

A

Abortion

Orchitis-inflammation of testicle

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5
Q

Brucella likes to cause ____

A

abortions

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6
Q

True/False: Brucella can cause mastitis

A

True

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7
Q

Brucella uses a type ___ secretion system for ____ survival

A

type IV secretion system

intramacrophage survival

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8
Q

smooth colonies of Brucella are more ___ than rough colonies

A

more virulent

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9
Q

What is the most common route of transmission for Brucella?

A

Ingestion

*tissue and fluid associated with abortion can also be infective

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10
Q

True/False: Brucella can be transmitted in utero to progeny and vererally

A

True

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11
Q

Brucella Pathogenesis:

A
  1. Brucella penetrates intact mucosal surfaces
  2. macrophage uptake
  3. intracelluar survival (type 4 secretion system)
  4. localization in retiuclo-endothelial system and reproductive tract
  5. abortion
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12
Q

What kind of inflammation does Brucella cause?

A

Granulomatous

*A lot of macrophages in the area

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13
Q

Brucella Melitensis can lead to what?

A

Necrotic Cotyledon

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14
Q

What does Brucella cause in males?

A

enlargment of epididymis- painful scrotum

orchitis

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15
Q

True/False: once a female has an abortion they are normally immune from Brucella

A

True

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16
Q

Anytime you think Brucella, think ______

A

ABORTION

17
Q

What are some of the common extragenital manifestation of Brucella?

A

Swine- arthritis

Dogs- meningoencephalitis, osteomyelitis

Cattle: hygromas (callus of the knee cap)

Horses: poll evil- not common at all

picture: hyogroma in the knee cap of a cow

18
Q

What is an extragenital manifestation of Brucella in humans?

A

Undulant Fever

19
Q

How do humans usually aquire Brucella?

A

handling tissue containing Brucella

ex. aborted fetuses, fluids, non pasteurized milk

*Veterinarians are at risk

20
Q

What is the main species of Brucella that can infect humans?

A

Brucella Melitensis

21
Q

___ animals are more susceptible to Brucella

A

Mature

22
Q

How to control Brucella infection in a swine herd?

A

do not have breeding swine confined to same pen

eliminate infected boars

minimize exposure to aborted tissues

23
Q

True/False: Brucella mainly effects younger individuals

A

False

*older individuals are more susceptible

24
Q

What is the unique way that dogs can spread Brucella?

A

urine

25
Q

Do antibodies help with Brucella infections?

A

low levels- kill bacteria

high levels- interfere with complement

26
Q

Brucella likes to live inside ____

A

phagocytes

27
Q

Effective immunity to Brucella is primarily ____

A

cell mediated

28
Q

What Brucella species infectes what animals?

A

B. abortus- Cattle

B. suis- Swine

B. Melitensis- Goats and sheep

B. canis- dogs

29
Q

What is the best sample for diagnosis of Brucella?

A

Fetal contents

30
Q

What vaccines are available for Dogs and Swine with Brucella?

A

no vaccines for dogs and swine

31
Q

True/False: great care should be employed when working with tissues and fluids infected with Brucella

A

True

*Be very careful

32
Q

True/False: Gram stain is the best way to diagnose Brucella

A

False

Immunofluorescence is the best way

*Slow and hard to grow in agar

33
Q

True/False: Brucella is hemolytic

A

False

*non hemolytic

34
Q

True/False: Brucella is urease positive

A

True

35
Q

Brucella ____ ring test is positive if a purple ring develops

A

milk

*purple ring develops in top of cream

36
Q

What is the best treatment for Brucella in livestock?

A

No treatment for Brucella is attempted in livestock!

*potential problems of maintaining infected animals during eradication programs

37
Q

What is the best treatment for Brucella in dogs?

A

neutering affected animals

antibiotic therapy

38
Q

What are the different ways to prevent Brucella?

A

Immunization alone- reduces abortions but does not eradicate bacteria

Immunization followed by test and slaughter- if females are postive they are killed

Testing and removal of infected animals without immunization- depopulation of entire swine, sheep or goat population is a good way to get the bacteria under control

MY Bacteriology FINAL (16 decks)

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