Ch. 12-13 Flashcards
stratified society:
a society in which there is a permanent hierarchy that gives some members wealth, power and prestige access –> the Royal Family
non stratified society:
egalitarian (the principle that all people are equal and deserve equal rights and opportunities) in nature, still has inequalities
5 categories of inequality:
class, caste (membership is based on inherited social roles, can’t change caste), race, ethnicity, nationality
social inequality creates..
unequal access to resources like water, health care, etc
example of fictive kinship..
patron and client relationships
racialism:
belief in the existence of biologically distinct races
social race:
an achieved status with a racial label
objectification and reification
construction of specific public identities.. produces ethnicity vs. negative racial/ethnic absolutism- violent elimination of groups, foundation of racism.
nation-state:
an ideal political unit in which national identity and politics coincide
transformist hegemony:
a nationalist program to define nationality in a way that preserves the cultural domination of the ruling group, ensures citizen loyalty
essentialized identities:
invented traditions.. the kilt in Scotland was a uniform, now marks Scottish ethnicity
modernization theory:
theory that argues that social change occurring in Non-Western nations was necessary and inevitable social development.. match ‘modern’ nations or you’re traditional
dependency theory:
theory that argues that the success of ‘independent’ capitalist nations required the failure of ‘dependent’ nations.. the success of few for the failure of many
world system theory:
system that argues that European capitalism linked regions and people into a world system economically, but not politically
core
In worls system theory, nations specializing in banking, highly skilled industrial production
