Ch. 14

Question 1

leadership

Answer 1

the process by which an individual exerts influence over other people and inspires, motivates, and directs their activities to help achieve group or organizational goals

Question 2

leader

Answer 2

a person who is able to exert influences over other people to achieve organizational goals

Question 3

servant leader

Answer 3

a leader who has a strong desire to serve and work for the benefit of others

Question 4

personal leadership style

Answer 4

the specific way the manager chooses to influence other people

Question 5

legitimate power

Answer 5

the authority that a manager has by virtue of his or her position in an organizations hierarchy

Question 6

reward power

Answer 6

the ability of a manager to give or withhold tangible or intangible rewards

Question 7

coercive power

Answer 7

the ability of a manager to punish others

Question 8

expert power

Answer 8

power that is based on the special knowledge, skills, and expertise that a leader possesses

Question 9

referent power

Answer 9

power that comes from subordinates’ and coworkers’ respect, admiration, and loyalty

Question 10

empowerment

Answer 10

the expansion of employees knowledge tasks, and decision making responsibility

Question 11

contingency models of leadership

Answer 11

take into account the situation or context within which leadership occurs

Question 12

relationship oriented leaders

Answer 12

leaders whose primary concern is to develop good relationships with their subordinates and to be liked by them

Question 13

task-oriented leaders

Answer 13

primary concern is to ensure that subordinates perform at a high level

Question 14

leader-member relations

Answer 14

the extent to which followers like, trust, and are loyal to their leader; a determinant of how favorable a situation is for leading

Question 15

task structure

Answer 15

the extent to which the work to be performed is clear cut so that a leaders subordinates know what needs to be accomplished and how to go about doing it; a determinant of how favorable a situation is for leading

Question 16

position power

Answer 16

the amount of legitimate, reward, and coercive power that a leader has by virtue of his or her positions in the organization; a determinant for how favorable a situation is for leading

Question 17

house’s path goal theory

Answer 17

a contingency model of leadership proposing that leaders can motivate subordinates by identifying their desired outcomes, rewarding them for high performance and attainment of work goals with these desired outcomes, and clarifying for them the paths leading to the attainment of work goals

Question 18

What three guidelines does path-goal theory give for being an effective leader?

Answer 18

(1) find out what outcomes your subordinates are trying to obtain from their jobs and the organization (2) reward subordinates for high performance and goal attainment with the outcomes they desire (3) clarify the paths to goal attainment for subordinates, remove any obstacles to high performance, and express confidence in subordinates’ capabilities

Question 19

What are the 4 kinds of leadership behaviors that motivate subordinates?

Answer 19

(1) directive behaviors: setting goals, assigning tasks (2) supportive behaviors: looking out for best interests (3) participative behaviors: give subordinates a say (4) achievement oriented behaviors: motivate subordinates to perform at the highest level

Question 20

transformational leadership

Answer 20

makes subordinates aware of the importance of their jobs and performance to the organization and aware of their own needs for personal growth and that motivates subordinates to work for the good of the organization

Question 21

leadership substitutes

Answer 21

a characteristic of a subordinate or of a situation or context that acts in place of the influence of a leader and makes leadership unnecessary

Question 22

charismatic leader

Answer 22

are excited and enthusiastic about their vision and clearly communicate it to their subordinates