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Chemistry > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

0
Q

Combined Gas Law

A

PiVi/Ti=PfVf/Tf

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0
Q

Unlike a colloid or suspension, a true solution is ___

A

Always mixed

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1
Q

Gamma particles are ___ in charge

A

Neutral

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2
Q

List the different factors that affect reaction rate

A

Temperature of reactance Physical state of reactants Concentration of reactants Structure of the reacting species Presence of a catalyst

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2
Q

NO2-

A

Nitrite

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3
Q

An decrease in pressure on an equilibrium causes the equilibrium to shift toward which side of the reaction?

A

The side with the most moles of gas

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3
Q

NH4+

A

Ammonium

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5
Q

Removing heat from an endothermic reaction cause of the equilibrium to shift in which direction?

A

Towards the reactant side

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5
Q

Zn2+

A

Zinc

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6
Q

What do you do to find the mass per volume percent of a solute in solution?

A

Divide the grams of solute by the # of mL of solution and multiply by 100

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6
Q

Adding heat to an endothermic reaction causes the equilibrium to shift in which direction?

A

Toward the product side

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6
Q

Removing heat from an exothermic reaction causes the equilibrium to shift in which direction?

A

Toward the product side

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6
Q

Aluminum

A

Al3+

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7
Q

Al3+

A

Aluminum

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8
Q

Na+

A

Sodium

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9
Q

A solution is made up of what?

A

Solvent and solute

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10
Q

An increase in volume of an equilibrium causes the equilibrium to shift toward which side of the reaction?

A

The side with the most moles of gas

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10
Q

CO32-

A

Carbonate

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11
Q

The ___ is the amount of decay of a radioactive material over a given amount of time.

A

half-life

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11
Q

P3-

A

Phosphide

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11
Q

N3-

A

Nitride

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12
Q

Phosphate

A

PO43-

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14
Q

Beta particles are ___ in charge

A

Negative

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16
Q

How can you change the rate of reaction By altering the physical structure of the species?

A

Smaller particle size to increase surface area

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16
Q

An increase in pressure on an equilibrium causes the equilibrium to shift toward which side of the reaction?

A

The side with the fewest moles of gas

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17
Q

Henry’s law states that the solubility of a gas is inversely proportional to ___

A

The temperature of the gas

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17
Q

A solution that contains 100% ions is a

A

Strong electrolyte

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17
Q

Boyles law deals with what?

A

Pressure and volume

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18
Q

A weak acid is produced by a ____

A

Strong base

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18
Q

Ammonium

A

NH4+

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18
Q

Cu2+

A

Copper (II)

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18
Q

PO43-

A

Phosphate

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19
Q

The type of nuclear ready ion that occurs in stars:

A

Nuclear fusion

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20
Q

H+

A

Hydrogen

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21
Q

Mg2+

A

Magnesium

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22
Q

What do you do to find the molarity of a solution?

A

Divide the number of moles given by the number of Liters given If grams are given instead of moles, convert molar mass before converting.

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24
Q

Nitrite

A

NO2-

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24
Q

Sulfate

A

SO42-

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25
Q

What conditions indicate a nonpolar molecule?

A

4 of the same element around the central atom Hydrocarbon atoms A molecule made up of 2 or more of a single element

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26
Q

In ____ decay, a new particle is emitted which has a total mass number of 2.

A

Alpha

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26
Q

K+

A

Potassium

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27
Q

Dalton’s law deals with what?

A

Partial pressures

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28
Q

Molarity formula when you want to find molarity:

A

Moles of solute/ Liters of solution

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30
Q

An decrease in volume of an equilibrium causes the equilibrium to shift toward which side of the reaction?

A

The side with the fewest moles of gas.

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32
Q

Each time the half life of a radioisotope is reached, the remaining mass in grams is reduced by ___

A

Half

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33
Q

No3-

A

Nitrate

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35
Q

A solvent is saturated when:

A

It contains the maximum amount of solute at a specific temperature

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36
Q

Molarity formula when you already have molarity:

A

Given number of Moles/1 L solution

37
Q

OH-

A

Hydroxide

38
Q

A gamma particle has a charge of:

A

0

40
Q

When pressure is held constant, the relationship between temperature and volume is:

A

Directly proportional, increased temperature= increased volume

41
Q

F-

A

Fluoride

42
Q

Formula for a dilution problem:

A

MiVi=MfVf

43
Q

Use this conversion when you see moles or grams:

A

Ideal gas law, PV=nRT

44
Q

A solution which contains both molecules and ions is called a

A

Weak electrolyte

45
Q

In a conjugate pair, a strong acid will produce a ___

A

Weak base

46
Q

S2-

A

Sulfide

48
Q

Fe3+

A

Iron (III)

50
Q

I-

A

Iodide

50
Q

Acetate

A

C2H3O2-

51
Q

Avogadros law

A

1 mol = 22.4 L @ STP

52
Q

Adding reactants to an equilibrium causes the equilibrium to shift in which direction?

A

Toward the products side

54
Q

Dalton’s law

A

Pt = P1+P2+P3…

55
Q

Phosphide

A

P3-

56
Q

O2-

A

Oxide

58
Q

Cd2+

A

Cadmium

60
Q

Li+

A

Lithium

61
Q

Ideal Gas Law

A

PV=nRT

62
Q

According to Henrys law what happens to the solubility of a gas at higher temperature?

A

It becomes more insoluble

64
Q

In PV=nRT R =?

A

0.0821 (atm)(L)/(mol)(K)

65
Q

Cu+

A

Copper (I)

67
Q

One atm equals what?

A

760 mmHg

68
Q

Fe2+

A

Iron (II)

70
Q

CN-

A

Cyanide

72
Q

Boyles law

A

PiVi=PfVf

73
Q

Hydrogen

A

H+

74
Q

What is the activation energy?

A

The minimum amount of energy required to initiate a reaction

75
Q

Solutions in which there is more solute inside the Cell than out is a _____ solution

A

Hypotonic

76
Q

The detrimental side effects of radiation exposure is caused by:

A

The formation of unstable ions

77
Q

Adding heat to an exothermic reaction causes the equilibrium to shift in which direction?

A

Toward the reactants side

78
Q

Equilibrium constants do not apply to what?

A

Solids and liquids

79
Q

Charles’s law deals with what?

A

Volume and temperature

81
Q

The splitting of an atom as a result of shooting electrons at the nucleus is called:

A

Nuclear fission

83
Q

Br-

A

Bromide

84
Q

A solution in which there is more solute outside the cell than inside is a _____ solution

A

Hypertonic

85
Q

Sulfide

A

S2-

86
Q

The refraction of light in a colloid is known as

A

Tyndalls effect

87
Q

In ____ decay, a new particle is emitted which has a total mass number of -1

A

beta

88
Q

Hydroxide

A

OH-

89
Q

What is the heat of reaction?

A

The difference in heat between the reactants and the products

90
Q

The formation of a single nucleus from two smaller nuclei is called:

A

Nuclear fusion

91
Q

Oxide

A

O2-

92
Q

HCO3-

A

Bicarbonate

94
Q

Adding product to an equilibrium causes the equilibrium to shift in which direction?

A

Toward the reactant side.

95
Q

Charles’ law:

A

V1/T1=V2/T2

96
Q

An alpha particle has a charge of:

A

2+

97
Q

Ca2+

A

Calcium

98
Q

Cl-

A

Chlorine

99
Q

H-

A

Hydride

100
Q

List the strong acids

A

HI (hydroiodic) HBr (hydrobromic) HClO(perchloric) HCl (hydrochloric) H2SO4 (sulfuric) HNO4 (nitric)

101
Q

Pressure conversion

A

1 atm = 760 mm Hg

102
Q

If a solution is polar, only ___ substances will dissolve into it

A

Polar

103
Q

What do you do to find the mass per mass percent of a solute in solution?

A

Divide grams of solute by the number of grams of solution and multiply by 100

104
Q

According to Henrys law what happens to the solubility of a gas at higher pressure?

A

It becomes more soluble

105
Q

Define reaction rate

A

Any change in the concentration of a reactant or product overtime

106
Q

Henry’s law states that the solubility of a gas is directly proportional to ___

A

The partial pressure of the gas

107
Q

Nitrate

A

NO3-

108
Q

SO42-

A

Sulfate

109
Q

What is the equation for determining the amount of energy produced from nuclear fission?

A

E=mc2

110
Q

List the strong bases

A

LiOH

NaOH

KOH

SrOH

BaPH

CaOH

111
Q

Explain collision theory

A
  1. The molecules must come into contact with each other 2. Molecules must collide with enough energy to overcome the activation energy 3. The molecules must collide in the proper orientation
112
Q

Alpha particles are ___ in charge

A

Positive

113
Q

Iodide

A

I-

114
Q

Ag+

A

Aluminum

115
Q

A beta particle has a charge of:

A

-1

116
Q

Solvents are always ____

A

Liquid/water

117
Q

A solution that contains 100% molecules is called a

A

Non electrolyte

118
Q

C2H3O2-

A

Acetate

119
Q

Ba2+

A

Barium

Chemistry (6 decks)

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