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MSK Anatomy > Hip/thigh/knee > Flashcards

Hip/thigh/knee Flashcards

1
Q

Hip capsular ligaments

A

Iliofemoral
Pubofemoral
Ischiofemoral

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2
Q

HIp joint BS

A

circumflex (medial and lateral femoral)

branch of obturator artery

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3
Q

LCL AI

A

lateral epicondyle of femur to the head of fibula

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4
Q

MCL AI

A

Medial epicondyle to the medial surface of the shaft of the tibia
Attaches to the medial meniscus

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5
Q

ACL AI

A

Anterior part of the intercondylar area of tibia to the lateral condyle of the femur
APEX

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6
Q

PCL AI

A

Posterior part of the intercondylar area of tibia to the medial condyle of the femur
PAIN

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7
Q

Gluteus maximus N

A

inferior gluteal

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8
Q

Gluteus medius N

A

Sup gluteal

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9
Q

Gluteus minimus N

A

sup gluteal

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10
Q

Superficial gluteal muscles

A

Gluteus maximus, medius, minimus

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11
Q

Gluteus maximus fxn

A

hip extension

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12
Q

gluteus medius fxn

A

hip abduction

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13
Q

gluteus minimus fxn

A

hip abduction

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14
Q

Tensor fascia lata N

A

sup gluteal

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15
Q

tensor fascia lata fxn

A

medial rotator of hip joint

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16
Q

Ant compartment muscle

A 
Sartorius
Quadriceps (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis)
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17
Q

Ant compartment nerve

A

Femoral

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18
Q

Ant compartmetn exception

A

Sartorius - femoral N but flexes the hip and knee joints

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19
Q

Medial compartment muscle

A

Gracilis

Adductors: adductor longus, brevis, magnus

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20
Q

Medial compartment n

A

obturator

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21
Q

Medial compartment exception

A

Hamstring part of the adductor magnus is innervated by the sciatic nerve

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22
Q

Posterior compartment muscles

A

biceps femoris
semitendinosus
semimembranosus

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23
Q

Post compartment N

A

Sciatic (tibial)

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24
Q

Posterior thigh fxn

A

knee flexion

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25
Q

Sciatic n course

A

Passes through the greater sciatic foramen, enters gluteal region
Enters the back of the thigh at the lower border of the gluteus maximus
RUns down to popliteal fossa where it divides into tibial and common fibular nerves

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26
Q

Sacral plexus components

A

L4, L5, S1, 2, 3, part of S4

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27
Q

Sacral plexus main branches

A

Sciatic (L4 - S3)
Superior gluteal (L4 - S1)
inferior gluteal (L5 - S2)
Nerve branches for deep gluteal

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28
Q

Superior gluteal N course

A

Enters through greater sciatic foramen, passes above the piriformis
Along with sup. gluteal artery

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29
Q

Inferior gluteal N

A

enters through greater sciatic foramen, passes below the piriformis
Along with inferior gluteal artery

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30
Q

sup gluteal artery

A

branch of internal iliacenters through G. sciatic foramen above piriformis

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31
Q

inf gluteal artery

A

branch of internal iliacenters through G> sciatic foramen below piriformis

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32
Q

Posterior thigh arterial supply

A

perforating branches of the deep femoral artery

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33
Q

Main contents of popliteal fossa

A

Popliteal artery (genicular branches) and vein
TIbial nerve + branches
Common fibular (peroneal) nerve + branches
popliteal lymph nodes, fat

34
Q

Lumbar plexus components

A

Ventral rami of L1-L4

35
Q

Lumbar plexus main branches

A

Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh (L2-L3)
Femoral nerve (L2-L4)
Obturator (L2-L4)

36
Q

Lateral cutaneous N supply

A

skin on anterolateral side of the thigh

37
Q

Femoral nerve course

A

Deep to the inguinal ligament

38
Q

Femoral N supply

A

all anterior thigh musclesskin of the anterior and medial thigh
longest sensory branch: Saphenous - supplies skin on medial side of the leg & foot

39
Q

Obturator N supply

A

chief nerve o the medial compartment of the thigh

all hip adductor muscleship + knee joints

40
Q

Obturator N course

A

through obturator canal

41
Q

Superficial veins of the lower limb

A

Great saphenous vein

small saphenous vein

42
Q

Great saphenous v course

A

Runs upwards from dorsum of foot
anterior to medial malleolus, along medial side of the leg and knee
opens into the femoral vein in the upper part of the thigh

43
Q

Small saphenous v course

A

Runs upwards, posterior to the lateral malleolus, drains into popliteal vein

44
Q

Ant compartment fxn

A

knee extension (except sartorius)

45
Q

Medial compartment fxn

A

hip adduction

46
Q

Posterior compartment fxn

A

knee flexion

47
Q

Vastus medialis OI

A

femur to quadriceps femoris tendon (tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament)

48
Q

Vastus intermedius OI

A

femur to quadriceps femoris tendon(tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament)

49
Q

Vastus laterals OI

A

femur to quadriceps femoris tendon (tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament)

50
Q

Rectus femoris OI

A

hip bone to tibia via quadriceps tendon

51
Q

Sartorius OI

A

hip bone to tibia (Pes Anserine)

52
Q

Sartorius fxn

A

hip and knee flexion

53
Q

Pectineus OI

A

hip bone to femur

54
Q

Adductor longus OI

A

hip bone to femur

55
Q

Adductor brevis OI

A

hip bone to femur

56
Q

Adductor magnus OI

A

hip bone to femur

57
Q

Gracilis OI

A

hip bone to Tibia (Pes Anserine)

58
Q

Pectinius N

A

femoral

59
Q

Pecteneus fxn

A

hip adduction

60
Q

Adductor hiatus

A

opening in the aponeurosis of the adductor magnus leading from the ant compartment into the popliteal fossa
transmits the femoral vessels

61
Q

Femoral triangle

A

Triangular depression on the front of the upper part of the thigh immediately below the inguinal ligament
Bounded by thigh muscles +inguinal ligament
Contains (medial to lateral) Femoral Vein, Artery, Nerve (NAVI)

62
Q

Pes Anserinus

A

“Say Grace before Tea” (medial to lateral)

Sartorius, Gracilis and semiTendinosus attach to the tibia Anserine bursa between this tendon and knee joint capsule

63
Q

Femoral artery course

A

continuation of external iliac
passes under inguinal ligament
enters femoral trianglepasses through adductor hiatus
becomes popliteal artery in the p. fossa

64
Q

Main branches of the femoral artery

A

Profunda femoris artery (deep artery of thigh)

muscular branches to the extensor and adductor muscles

65
Q

Profunda femoris artery branches

A

Lateral circumflex femoral artery
Medial circumflex femoral artery (maj artery of the head of the femur)
Perforating branches (supply the back of the thigh)

66
Q

Obturator artery

A

branch of the internal iliac

Supplies tissue around obturator foramen and the head of the femur

67
Q

L1 dermatome

A

inguinal ligament

68
Q

L2 derm

A

upper thigh

69
Q

L3 derm

A

medial knee

70
Q

L4 derm

A

medial malleolus

71
Q

L5 derm

A

1st web space

72
Q

S1 derm

A

lateral heel

73
Q

Hip flexion spinal nerves

A

L2 3

74
Q

Knee extension spinal nerves

A

L3 4

75
Q

Dorsiflexion spinal nerves

A

L4 5

76
Q

Knee flexion spinal nerves

A

L5 S1

77
Q

Hilton’s law

A

a nerve that innervates the joint also tends to innervate the muscles that move the joint

78
Q

Medial meniscus

A

semicircular
peripheral margin adhered to the deep part of the MCL
less mobile than the lateral meniscus - more susceptible to injury

79
Q

Lateral meniscus

A

almost circular
separated from the LCL by the tendon of the popliteus muscle and the capsule
more mobile than medial meniscus, less suceptible to injury

80
Q

Meniscus fibrocartilage

A

poor blood supply, limited healing
aids in stability of knee joint
helps with load distribution and weight bearing
called labrum in the shoulder

MSK Anatomy (4 decks)

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