NEUR 0010 - Chapter 24

Question 1

In what lobe is the hippocampus?

Answer 1

Medial temporal lobe

Question 2

What is the entorhinal cortex?

Answer 2

Occupies medial bank of rhinal sulcus

Question 3

What is the perirhinal cortex?

Answer 3

Occupies the lateral bank of rhinal sulcus

Question 4

What is the parahippocampal cotex?

Answer 4

Lies lateral to rhinal sulcus

Question 5

Where does info go before reaching the hippocampus?

Answer 5

The rhinal cortex and parahippocampal cortex

Question 6

What is one of the major output pathways from the hippocampus?

Answer 6

The fornix

Question 7

Damage to what temporal cortical area causes the most severe memory deficits?

Answer 7

Damage to the perirhinal cortex

Question 8

What structures are critical for the consolidation of memory?

Answer 8

The medial temporal cortical structures like the hippocampus, rhinal cortex, and parahippocampal cortex

Question 9

What is one of the more prominent non-temporal areas associated with memory?

Answer 9

Diencephalon

Question 10

What are the three areas of the diencephalon most implicated in memory?

Answer 10

Anterior thalamic nuclei; dorsomedial thalamic nuclei; mammillary bodies in the hypothalamus

Question 11

Since one of the major hippocampal outputs is the fornix, where does the fornix send info after that?

Answer 11

To the hypothalamus: mammillary bodies!

Question 12

After the hippocampus goes to the fornix goes to the mammillary bodies, then what?

Answer 12

Then to the anterior nucleus in the thalamus, then to cingulate cortex

Question 13

What structures does the dorsomedial thalamic nucleus receive input from? Where does it output?

Answer 13

Receives input from the amygdala and IT cortex; outputs to a lot of the frontal cortex

Question 14

Korsakoff’s syndrome involves damage to what areas?

Answer 14

Dorsomedial thalamic nucleus and the mammillary bodies of the hypothalamus

Question 15

Which form of amnesia affects consolidation vs recall?

Answer 15

Antero is consolidation, Retro is recall

Question 16

Damage to what structures is most likely the cause of anterograde amnesia?

Answer 16

Thalamic structures and the mammillary bodies

Question 17

The hippocampus is important for what aspect of memory?

Answer 17

Recognition and declarative memory formation, working memory (radial arm experiment), and spatial memory (water maze experiment)

Question 18

Place cells are affected by what kind of input stimuli?

Answer 18

Visual: you can rotate the location but keep the visual cues consistent with before, and the cell will respond to the visual cues, not the cardinal direction

Question 19

What is the idea of relational memory, in terms of hippocampal faculties?

Answer 19

Highly processed sensory info comes into the hippocampus and nearby cortex, and memories are formed that link all things happening at the time

Question 20

What brain structure is most associated with procedural memory?

Answer 20

The striatum (caudate nucleus and the putamen)

Question 21

What brain area is most associated with working memory?

Answer 21

The neocortex

Question 22

What is area LIP?

Answer 22

In the intraparietal sulcus: involved in guiding eye movements, useful for temporarily holding info to be used to produce saccades