Thorax 4 heart valves and chambers

Question 1

2 types of heart valves

Answer 1

atrioventricular valves

• tri/bicuspid valves
• between atrium and ventricles

pulmonary and aortic valves
-semilunar valves

Question 2

Purpose of valves?

Answer 2

prevent backflow

Question 3

Tri vs Bicuspid valves (atrioventricular valves)

Answer 3

Tricuspid - right
Bicuspid - left

• try before you buy

Question 4

Contained in AV valves

Answer 4

Cusps
Cords (cordea tendinae)
Papillary muscles (extension of wall)

cords attach cusps to papillary muscles

Question 5

How to distinguish between pulmonary and aortic valves (semilunar valves)?

Answer 5

Aorta has coronary arteries arising from it

- otherwise look the same

Question 6

Shape of semilunar valves

Answer 6

3 cusps

- looks like mercedes logo

Question 7

Difference in muscle of posterior and anterior of the heart

Answer 7

posterior - rough

anterior - smooth

Question 8

Portion between inter ventricular wall and papillary muscle in the right ventricle? (pulmonary valve)

Answer 8

moderator band

Question 9

Wall between 2 atrias

Answer 9

interatrial septum

Question 10

thumbprint looking structure on the right inter atrial wall?

Answer 10

fossa ovalis

• during fetal development, allowed blood to pass from right to left atrium, bypassing non-functioning fetal lungs
• “septum primum” acts as a valve, now a flap on the IVC, allows blood to travel right to fossa

Question 11

Muscles in the atria

Answer 11

pectinate muscles

Question 12

Opening of Coronary Sinus

Answer 12

Collects blood from heart muscle

- beside opening to IVC