3.1 Flashcards
What are substances that are found naturally in the earth?
Minerals
What is the smallest group of elements that contain substances that exist naturally in the earths crust as a single combined element?
Native elements
What group consist of compounds made with the elements fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine?
Halides
What are materials that contain the element oxygen bonded to a metal?
Oxides
What are minerals containing carbon bondedto oxygen?
Carbohydrates
What contain the element phosphorus bonded to for oxygen atoms?
Phosphates
What is the largest group of minerals which Is composed over 90% of the earths crust?
Silicates
What are geometric structures that are composed of atoms or molecules and have an orderly agreement?
Crystals
What is the hardest naturally occurring substance?
Diamond
W What is a Way of light that is reflected from the surface of a mineral?
Luster
What is the resistance of a smooth surface of a mineral to be scratched?
Hardness
Hardness is rated using what scale?
Moses scale
what is it called when similarly colored materials can often be differentiated by scraping the crystal on a piece of unglazed porcelain called a streak plate?
Streak color
What is the tendency of a mineral to break readily along certain flat surfaces producing fragments with the same shape as the parent mineral called?
Cleavage
What is the ratio of the mass of any volume of a substance to the mass of an equal volume of water?
Specific gravity
