3.1 Attempts To Reduce Tension 1969-1979

Question 1

When is Nixon elected

Answer 1

1968

Question 2

When is Salt 1

Answer 2

1972

Question 3

When does Brezhnev visit Washington?

Answer 3

1973

Question 4

When are the Helsinki accords?

Answer 4

1975

Question 5

When is Salt 2?

Answer 5

1979

Question 6

What caused Détente?

Answer 6

‘Mutually assured destruction’

-Cuba missiles crisis showed how a war could break out by accident

Question 7

What is détente

Answer 7

There was a genuine attempt to have a more stable and co-operative relationship

Question 8

Why did the USA follow Détente?

Answer 8

• Nixon wanted to take the USA out the vietnam war
• large scale demonstrations about the USA having a reduced role in international affairs
• inequality caused riots in 1968(MLK assasination)USA could fix these problems with reduced spending on arms

Question 9

Why did the soviets follow Détente?

Answer 9

• poor living standards

- building nuclear weapons cost a lot of money so the econemy wasn’t developing

Question 10

What does SALT stand for?

Answer 10

Strategic Arms Limitations Treaty

Question 11

What was agreed at SALT 1(3 treaties)?

Answer 11

Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty:(ABMs only allowed at 2 sities holding a max of 100 missiles each)

The Interim treaty: placed restrictions on the number of ICBMs and SLBMs a country could have

Basic Principles Agreement laid down rules for the conduct nuclear warfair

Question 12

What are the three consequences of SALT 1?

Answer 12

• Nixon visits Brezhnev in Moscow 1973
• Talks for SALT 2 begin in1974
• Helsinki accords in 1975

Question 13

What were the 3 limitations of SALT 1?

Answer 13

• would a piece of paper stop a nuclear war?
• each side still had enough weapons to destroy the other many times over
• did not cover the most recent technological development: MIRVs

Question 14

What were MRIVs?

Answer 14

Multiple nuclear warheads carried on a single missile

Question 15

Whhat were and what happened at the Helskini accords? In 1975

Answer 15

33 countries from NATO and the Warsaw pact met to build on SALT’1s agreements

Agreegments were desribed as baskets

Basket 1: European borders cannot be altered by force

Basket 2: international co-operation of trade agreements, technology exchanges and a joint space mission

Basket 3: Human rights to be respected across Europe

Question 16

Why was Basket 1 significant?

Answer 16

First time Germany’s borders were formally accepted

Question 17

What baskets was Brezhnev happy/unhappy with?

Answer 17

Happy with 1 and 2

Not happy with 3

Question 18

What baskets were the USA happy/unhappy with?

Answer 18

Happy with 3

Unhappy with 1 and 2

Question 19

When was SALT 2 agreed?

Answer 19

1979

Question 20

What was included in SALT 2?

Answer 20

Restictions on missile launchers, strategic bombers and a ban of ICBM testing

Question 21

SALT 2 was overshadowed because relations were fading, what were 3 reasons for this

Answer 21

Carter’s goverment don’t trust the soviets

American people want to see America as internationally powerful

-Soviot invasion of Afganistan in 1979 which ends Détente

Question 22

What were the three treaties in SALT 1 1972?

Answer 22

• The anti ballistic missiles treaty
• interim treaty
• Basic Principles agreement

Question 23

What did the Anti-Ballistic missiles treaty state?

Answer 23

ABMs were allowed at only two sites 100 in each

Question 24

What did the interim treaty do?

Answer 24

It put restrictions on the amount of ICBMs ans SLBMs a country could have

Question 25

What did the basic Principles agreement do?

Answer 25

Laid down rules for the conduct of nuclear warfare(banned war heads on the sea bed)

Question 26

What are SLBSs

Answer 26

Submarine missiles

Question 27

What does Slat 1 not include?

Answer 27

MIRVs

Question 28

Apaprt from the invasion of afgan what stopped detente

Answer 28

- not trusing soviets - wanted a stronger stance - asser dominace(issue with emmbasy)