3.1 What is ATP? Flashcards
(20 cards)
What is ATP made up of?
Adenine, Ribose and three organic phosphate groups.
What is ATP’s full name?
Adenosine triphosphate.
How many phosphate groups does ADP have?
Two.
What is the benefit of ATP being inert?
It can easily be stored.
What is the benefit of ATP being small?
It can leave the membrane of the mitochondria.
Why is it useful that ATP releases energy efficiently in useable quantities?
It avoids waste.
How is ATP renewable?
It is readily reformed by phosphorylation.
Is ATP easily hydrolysed?
Yes.
What are is ATP used in?
Muscle contraction, protein synthesis, active transport, powering Na+/K+ pumps, endo/exocytosis, secretion, DNA replication and activation of chemicals.
What is chemiosmosis?
A flow of protons down an electrochemical gradient across a semi-permeable membrane, catalysed by ATP synthase.
What is chemiosmosis catalysed by?
ATP synthase.
What are two examples of semi-permeable membraness?
Mitochondria and chloroplast.
What are the similarities of mitochondria and chloroplast?
Both are sealed double membranes filled with fluid and DNA.
What are the differences between mitochondria and chloroplast.
A mitochondria is found in animal cells whilst a chloroplast is found in plant cells. Chloroplasts trap energy whilst mitochondria release energy.
Does a mitochondria trap or release energy?
Releases energy.
Does a chloroplast trap or release energy?
Trap’s energy.
Is ATP inert?
Yes.
What flows in chemiosmosis?
Protons.
Which direction do protons flow in chemiosmosis?
Down.
Does ATP release energy efficently?
Yes.
