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310 exam 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

what is Nightingale’s nursing practice focused on?

A

the relationship of clients to their surroundings, as their health was related to environment

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2
Q

what did Nightingale recognize?

A

the importance of clean air, water, ventilation, sunlight

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3
Q

what did Florence Nightengale do?

A

collected data on morbidity and mortality “statistician”, improved sanitary conditions, decreased deaths by 2/3

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4
Q

who would ask, how can I adjust the patient’s environment to improve their health?

A

Florence Nightengale
clean air, water, ventilation, sun

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5
Q

what are Nightengale’s influences on today’s nursing

A

schools/structure nursing training
hospice care
infection control
data collection
epidemiology

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6
Q

who was the first to formalize nursing education?

A

Florence Nightengale

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7
Q

who was the Angle of Battlefield Cross?

A

Clara Barton

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8
Q

who founded Planned Parenthood?

A

Margeret Sangen

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9
Q

who ran a hostel during the Crimean war, cared for military, trained nurses, and contributed to hospital reform?

A

Mary Seacole

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10
Q

who was the 1st public health nurse? and the 1st woman to provide care outside the hospital?

A

Lillian Wald

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11
Q

who created the Need Theory?

A

Virginia Henderson

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12
Q

what is the Need Theory?

A

14 basic needs, meeting patient needs when they can’t on their own. focuses on increasing independence

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13
Q

how was Lillian Wald instrumental to nursing?

A

first formalized public health nursing practice in settlement house, noted increased spread of infection in overcrowded immigrant housing, nursing home care

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14
Q

what was Henderson’s philosophy?

A

that the function of the nurse was to assist the sick or well and contribute to health and recovery

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15
Q

what did Dorthea Dix do?

A

reformed treatment for mentally ill

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16
Q

what is Watson’s philosophy?

A

Theory of Caring: emphasized caring aspects, thought nursing was based on human values and welfare of others. is concerned with health promotion, restoration and illness prevention

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17
Q

who created the Theory of Human Caring?

A

Jean Watson

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18
Q

what is theory a tool for?

A

reasoning, critical thinking, decision making

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19
Q

who created the Theory of Goal Attainment?

A

Imogene King

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20
Q

how is nursing strengthened by theory?

A

nursing as a profession is strengthened when knowledge is built on sound theory

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21
Q

what is Orem’s self-care model?

A

ordinary people want to be in control of their lives, nursing is needed in the presence of an actual or potential self-care deficit

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22
Q

what is King’s Interacting Systems Framework?

A

focuses on people, their relationships, and social contexts

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23
Q

what is the Theory of Goal Attainment?

A

nurses focus on goal attainment for and by the client “what goal can be set for the patient?”

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24
Q

what does Peplau’s Theory of Interpersonal Relations in Nursing focus on?

A

focuses on client-nurse relationship

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25
in Peplau’s Theory of Interpersonal Relations in Nursing, what is the goal of a therapeutic interpersonal relationship?
the survival of the client, their understanding of their health problems, and how to learn from problems to make new behaviors
26
what is the goal Orlando's Nursing Process Theory?
to determine and meet clients' immediate needs and to improve their situation by relieving distress or discomfort. specific to nurse-client interactions
27
who made the Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality
Madeleine Leininger
28
what is the belief of Leininger’s Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality?
incorporating culture and being aware supports the nursing outcome of the patient, their health and well being
29
what is Mishel's theory?
Uncertainty in Illness Theory, the patient can't progress if they don't know expectations of care
30
what does the adaptation model ask? who created it?
what can be done to help the patient adapt? sister callista roy
31
what is Swanson's theory?
caring theory
32
what is Jezewski's theory?
Cultural Brokering Theory
33
what is Nursology?
the science and body of knowledge created by and for the discipline of nursing.
34
what is the primary difference between a State Legislature and a State Board of nursing?
state legislature PASSES nursing laws, SBON enforces them
35
what is the National League of Nursing (NLN)?
in 1950, first nationwide state board test pool exam
36
what does the State Legislature do?
establishes "passes" practice law
37
what is the purpose of the state legislature?
to protect the public health, safety, and welfare
38
what is the goal of the State Board of Nursing (SBON)?
to ensure patient safety, uphold professional standards
39
what does the State Board of Nursing (SBON) do?
regulatory bodies administer and enforce nursing practice acts (not passed just enforced)
40
who enforces mandatory reporting?
SBON
41
what does mandatory reports include?
- concerns regarding conduct, performance, or competence - unsafe and unethical care -alleged violation of nurses scope of practice
42
who passes the state nursing practice acts?
the legislature passes them, the SBON upholds them
43
what is the ANA Nursing's Social Policy Statement?
identifies what is the knowledge base for nurses, specializations, and advanced practice roles
44
who developed the Code of Ethics for nurses?
the ANA
45
who is the delegaTOR?
the RN
46
who is the delegaTEE?
LPN or UAP
47
what is the Novice level of proficiency?
limited or no experience
48
what is the Advanced Beginner level of proficiency?
understands basic elements, often has preceptor or guide. can organize and prioritize tasks
49
what is the Competent level of proficiency?
1-2 yrs in nursing, can handle familiar situations, searches for broader explanations and knowledge
50
what is the Proficient level of proficiency?
3-5 yrs, self confident, skills performed competently with speed and flexibility
51
what is the Expert level of proficiency?
high level of clinical skill
52
what is the ANA code of ethics for nurses?
the code of conduct for nursing
53
why do we have the ANA code of ethics?
to outline safe practice- principle behaviors, values, and beliefs expected of nurses
54
what are the interpretive statements of the ANA code of ethics?
it is interpreted that the standard is nurses will take each situation into consideration and then act on what is right in that situation
55
what is the purpose of the ANA scope of practice?
provide guidance in applying skills and responsibilities
56
in the ANA scope of practice, what is the role in providing care?
providing basic needs and collaboration of care
57
in the ANA scope of practice, what is the role in providing advocacy?
social justice and promoting other reforms to promote human rights and equality
58
what does the nursing code of ethics consider an ESSENTIAL role of the nurse when caring for vulnerable groups?
advocacy- whether they are vulnerable due to illness or difficulty of navigating healthcare
59
who serves as nurses in the Civil War?
Catholic orders
60
what was the Henry Street Settlement?
house opened by Lillian Wald after Civil War to focus on social justice, provide more health care to the poor
61
what did the permissive licensure laws in 1903 state?
nurse did not have to be licensed to practice but could not be called an RN unless registered
62
at what year did all states require a test for a permissive nursing license?
1923
63
what impact did the Social Security Act of 1935 have on nursing?
enhanced practice of public health nursing, provided medical care for kids with disabilities and the blind
64
what are the 4 stages of Social Learning Theory?
Bandura's 4 stages: 1. attention 2. retention 3. reproduction 4. motivation
65
what is a PhD? what does it focus on?
doctor of Philosophy in nursing - need masters and doctoral degree - research focused - academic roles
66
what is a DNP? what does it focus on?
doctor of Nursing Practice - practice-focused doctoral degree - need bachelor and master of science in nursing - direct and advanced patient care - translates research and EBP into clinical settings
67
what is an APN? what does it focus on?
Advanced Practice Nurse such as an NP or CRNA - need a masters in nursing or doctorate as well - can diagnose and treat patients
68
what is the role of the nurse?
advocate for patient rights
69
what is the purpose of Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN)?
competency to ensure knowledge, skills, and attitudes for nursing
70
what are the 6 competencies of Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN)?
1. patient-centered care 2. teamwork and collaboration 3. evidence-based practice 4. quality improvement 5. safety 6. informatics
71
what are the 2 folds of Peplau's Interpersonal Relations Theory?
1. survival of the patient (ex: withdrawal) 2. learning and behavior change
72
what change after WWII created the need for more nurses?
increased number of hospitals... also led to associate degree/shorter degree nursing programs to get new nurses fast
73
what are the 4 parts of the nursing metaparadigm?
Person (patient and nurse) Environment (support of human caring) Health Nursing
74
who was the first black nurse?
Mary Eliza Mahoney
75
what are Henderson's 14 needs?
1. Breathe normally 2. Eat and drink adequately 3. Eliminate body wastes 4. Move and maintain desirable postures 5. Sleep and rest 6. Select suitable clothes – dress and undress 7. Maintain body temperature within normal range by adjusting clothing and modifying environment 8. Keep the body clean and well-groomed and protect the integument 9. Avoid dangers in the environment and avoid injuring others Psychological Aspects of Communicating and Learning 10. Communicate with others in expressing emotions, needs, fears, or opinions. 11. Worship according to one’s faith Sociologically Oriented to Occupation and Recreation 12. Work in such a way that there is a sense of accomplishment 13. Play or participate in various forms of recreation 14. Learn, discover, or satisfy the curiosity that leads to normal development and health and use the available health facilities. Spiritual and Moral

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