GI

Question 1

Approximately how much urine does the average bladder hold?

Answer 1

300 mL

Question 2

Which kidney is more palpable?

Answer 2

R - lower than L

Question 3

What is a “normal” pooping frequency?

Answer 3

2-3x a day to 3x a week

Question 4

What is organ pain called? What does it feel like?

Answer 4

Visceral pain

gnawing, burning, cramping, or aching

Question 5

What is parietal pain? What does that feel like, and what is it aggravated by?

Answer 5

inflammation in the parietal peritoneum –> steady, aching pain that is usually more severe than visceral pain and more precisely located. Aggravated by coughing or movement

Question 6

chronic or recurrent discomfort or pain centered in the upper abdomen

Answer 6

dyspepsia

Question 7

pain when swallowing

Answer 7

Odynophagia

Question 8

What time frame would acute diarrhea constitute?

What is it an indication of?

Answer 8

2 weeks or fewer (Infection)

Question 9

What time frame is chronic diarrhea?

What might it indicate?

Answer 9

4 weeks or more

typically noninfectious-> Crohn’s/Ulcerative colitis

Question 10

significant increase in 24 hour urine volume, roughly defined as exceeding 3 liters

Answer 10

poluria

Question 11

stomach growling

Answer 11

borborygmi

Question 12

Order of abdominal exam

Answer 12

inspect

AUSCULTATE

percuss

palpate

Question 13

What areas would you listen for friction rubs?

Answer 13

over liver & spleen

Question 14

What does percussion help you to assess?

Answer 14

Percussion helps you to assess the amount and distribution of gas in the abdomen and to identify possible masses that are solid or fluid-filled

Question 15

What might you suspect in a ptn with abdominal pain AND coughing?

Answer 15

peritoneal inflammation

Question 16

What might be the cause of intense pain in the abdomen?

Answer 16

Stones in the biliary tract or in the ureters, rupture of a fallopian tube (ectopic pregnancy may be the cause) inflammation (peritonitis)

Question 17

Pain the begins at the umbilicus & then radiates to the RLQ might be an indicator of what?

Answer 17

Acute Appendicitis

Question 18

Back pain can be an indication of what disorders in the GI?

Answer 18

Abdominal aneurysms, or duodenal ulcers

Question 19

Pain in the right shoulder can be an indication of what GI disease?

Answer 19

Gallbladder disease

Question 20

What kinds of diseases/ disorders can cause indigestion?

Answer 20

GERD, hiatal hernia

Question 21

What diseases/disorders are often confused with Indigestion?

Answer 21

MI, or Angina

Question 22

When do episodes of GERD occur the most?

Answer 22

After eating, lying down

Question 23

What are some causes of abdominal distention?

Answer 23

constipation, ascites

Question 24

What might poop vomit be an indication of?

Answer 24

intestinal obstruction

Question 25

What is jaundice an indication of?

Answer 25

Elevated serum bilirubin levels, liver disease , or obstruction of bile flow by gallstones.

Question 26

What color is poo when there are elevated serum bili lvls due to liver disease or obstruction of bile ducts?

Answer 26

Clay colored

Question 27

What is the size of a normal liver on the midclavicular line?

Answer 27

6-12 cm

Question 28

Name some solid organs.

Answer 28

Liver Pancreas Kidney Adrenal glands Spleen Ovaries and Uterus

Question 29

Name the hollow organs.

Answer 29

Stomach Gallbladder Colon Small intestine Bladder

Question 30

normal abdominal contour

Answer 30

flat

Question 31

Abdomen contour emaciated, malnourished, dying and unable to eat. Wasting away

Answer 31

scaphoid

Question 32

Abdomen contour adipose tissue on belly, ascites-fluid in peritoneal cavity; more rounded

Answer 32

rounded

Question 33

Abdomen contour pregnant or ton of dissention (gas, bad ascites, 6F)

Answer 33

protuberant

Question 34

Normal # of bowel sounds

Answer 34

5-34

Question 35

What is the difference between absent bowel sounds and hypoactive bowel sounds?

Answer 35

absent (obstruction)- **listen for 4-5 minutes** hypoactive (decreased motility)- low gurgling \<4 in1min

Question 36

What are the classic findings of alcohol abuse?

Answer 36

* Hepatosplenomegaly (HSM) - large spleen and liver * Ascites-fluid build-up * Caput medusa - abd has dilated veins * Spider angiomas - blood vessels on cutaneous level * Peripheral edema * Palmar erythema - red palms * Erythematic or bulbous nose