31.1, 31.2, 31.3, & 31.4 vocab

Question 1

constellation

Answer 1

a group of stars that appears to form a pattern or picture to name stars in the sky

Question 2

radio teloscope

Answer 2

antenna and radio receiver used to detect radio waves from astronomical radio sources in the sky

Question 3

light year

Answer 3

distance that light travels in one year 9.5 trillion km

Question 4

spectroscope

Answer 4

an apparatus for producing and recording spectra for examination

Question 5

nebula

Answer 5

an interstellar cloud of gas, ice, and dust

Question 6

main sequence

Answer 6

section of the H-R diagram that is plotted from upperleft to the lower right

Question 7

supernova

Answer 7

a gigantic explotionof a star in which the temperature withinthe collapsing star reaches 10 billion k

Question 8

neutron star

Answer 8

after a atar explods it leaves behind a ball of neutrons

Question 9

black hole

Answer 9

a region of space having a gravitational field so intense that no matter or radiation can escape

Question 10

photosphere

Answer 10

the luminous envelope of a star from which its light and heat radiate

Question 11

sunspots

Answer 11

temporary phenomena on the Sun’s photosphere that appear as spots darker than the surrounding areas

Question 12

giant star

Answer 12

lat stages of a star life cycle having a relatively large radius for its mass and temperature

Question 13

white dwarf

Answer 13

a small very dense star that is typically the size of a planet

Question 14

galaxy

Answer 14

a system of millions or billions of stars, together with gas and dust, held together by gravitational attraction

Question 15

milky way

Answer 15

is the galaxy that contains our Solar System, with the name describing the galaxy’s appearance from Earth

Question 16

local group

Answer 16

is the group of galaxies that includes our galaxy

Question 17

cosmology

Answer 17

the science of the origin and development of the universe

Question 18

big bang theory

Answer 18

leading explanation about how the universe began. At its simplest, it says the universe as we know it started with a small singularity, then inflated over the next 13.8 billion years to the cosmos that we know today

Question 19

cosmic background radiation

Answer 19

electromagnetic radiation from the Big Bang

Question 20

dark matter

Answer 20

a form of matter thought to account for approximately 85% of the matter in the universe

Question 21

dark energy

Answer 21

the name given to the mysterious force that’s causing the rate of expansion of our universe to accelerate over time, rather than to slow down

Question 22

where do stars form from?

Answer 22

nebula

Question 23

how do constilations ge their names

Answer 23

characters from storys animales and tools

Question 24

what is the name of the great hunter

Answer 24

orions belt

Question 25

what are the names of orions hunting dogs

Answer 25

canis major and canis minor

Question 26

what do canis maijor and canis minor mean

Answer 26

big dog and little dog

Question 27

how many basic optical teloscopes are there

Answer 27

2

Question 28

whad does refracting telescope's use

Answer 28

convex lense

Question 29

what do reflecting telescopes use

Answer 29

mirror

Question 30

why are space telescopes better to use then ground based

Answer 30

cause of cloud polution

Question 31

what things cna a specrto determan about a star

Answer 31

chemical composition, surface temperature, and if its moving away or tword earth

Question 32

stars farther from earth are what color and what ar its wave linghts

Answer 32

red and lest spread out frequency

Question 33

stars closer to earth are what color and what is the wave linghts

Answer 33

blue and more frequent

Question 34

how do stars form

Answer 34

nebula

Question 35

whad does the H-R diagrm stand for

Answer 35

Hertzsprung-Russll Diagram

Question 36

what is out sun known as

Answer 36

giant star

Question 37

what are the interier layer of the sun

Answer 37

core, radiation zone, convection zone

Question 38

what is the surface of the sun

Answer 38

photoshpere

Question 39

are sunspots cooler in sirten areas

Answer 39

yes

Question 40

are they purminate

Answer 40

no

Question 41

what are the three types of galaxys

Answer 41

spiral eliptical irregular

Question 42

what shapoe is the milky way galaxy

Answer 42

spiral

Question 43

how many are in our local group

Answer 43

50

Question 44

what are the two largest galaxys in the local group

Answer 44

amdromeda and milky way

Question 45

where is the milky way located

Answer 45

center of one of the arms

Question 46

how long ago did the big bang accure

Answer 46

13.7 billion years ago

Question 47

what is the name of the effect that shows wave leagths

Answer 47

doppler effect

Question 48

what is the universe made of

Answer 48

regular matter and dark matter