3.1.1 Growth Hormone and Prolactin Physiology Flashcards
Identify some of the trophic hormones and feedback mechanisms.
Identify the positive and negative regulators of somatotrophs
Positive: GHRH
Negative: SRIF
What are some conditions that increase the amount of GHRH, which upreagulates somatotrophs?
GalphaS (adenylate cyclase and cAMP)
Ca++
What are some conditions that upregulate SRIF, which downregulates the action of somatotrophs?
Galphai (decreased cAMP and decreased Ca++)
How many AAs are in the GH peptide?
191 AAs
What protein has the same number of AAs and only varies in 29 AA locations?
Chorionic Somatomammotropin 1 and 2
Describe the pathway leading to the induction of GH to the main effector of GH
Describe the positive and negative feedback loops mediated by GH throughout the GH cascade.
Describe the positive and negative feedback loops mediated by IGF-1 throughout the GH cascade.
Use one word to describe the secretion of GH.
Pulsatile/episodic
Describe the mechanism of how the hypothalmus can stimulate the somatotroph leading to increased IGF-1
What pathway acts downstream of the GH receptor which ultimately leads to activation of transcription factors?
Jak/Stat pathway
Compare GH and IGF-1: their structure, half-life, and activation pathway.
What is used to sequester IGF1? In what form does IGF interact with target tissues?
IGFBP; unbound
IGF1 can interact with this molecule’s receptor. As can this molecule interact with the receptor for IGF1. What molecule is this?
Insulin