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3110 final Flashcards

(79 cards)

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1
Q

GIS

A

Geographic Information System

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2
Q

Five basic components of GIS

A 
Data
User
Hardware
Software
Procedure
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3
Q

Spatial Data

A

Data related to points of area on the ground

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4
Q

Metadata

A

Data on Data. It is important because it proves the accuracy and validity of thedata

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5
Q

Four sources of digital data

A

Aerial Photography
Satellite
GPS
Scanner

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6
Q

Three Basic Data Models

A

Raster
Vector
Hybrid

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7
Q

Sources of Raster Data

A

Satellite imagery

Aerial Photography

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8
Q

Typical Resolution for Raster Data

A

3” x 3”

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9
Q

Raster Data vs Vector Data

A

Raster Data Size > Vector Data Size

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10
Q

Data model normally used to make attractive maps

A

Vector

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11
Q

Data model that is easier to use for spatial analysis

A

Raster

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12
Q

Data model that has more current data

A

Raster

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13
Q

Data model that is more accurate

A

Vector

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14
Q

Example of Hybrid GIS

A

Contains both Vector and Raster data. An aerial image with road network.

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15
Q

Geocoding

A

Process where you associate non-graphical data with graphical data feature

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16
Q

6 Typical GIS layer in CIvil Engineering oriented GIS

A 
Base
Electrical
Sewer
Elevation
Gas
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17
Q

5 Basic GIS task

A 
Input
Manage
Manipulate
Query
Visualize
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18
Q

Flat File Data Base

A

Similar to excel spreadsheet

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19
Q

Hierarchical Data Base

A

One-to-many

Relational

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20
Q

Relational Data Base

A

Many-to-Many

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21
Q

Data base type that is most commonly used in current GIS

A

Relational

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22
Q

DTM

A

Digitized Terrain Model. 3d Image of the earth’s surface

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23
Q

5 uses of DTM

A 
Earthwork
Road Design
Profiles
Volumes
Drainage Basin
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24
Q

Photogrammetry

A

Use of aerial photography to accurately describe vertical and horizontal features

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25
Aerial Triangulation
method of relating known points on ground to those on image for accuracy
26
Orthoimage
Image in which distortion has been removed. Calculation friendly
27
Three vector feature classes
Point Line Area (Polygon)
28
Continuous graphic space
Space defined in the coordinate plane
29
Spaghetti Vector
Vectors are entered using X,Y system
30
Topological Vector Encoding system
reports additional information about the spatial relationships between points, lines and polygons
31
Two major topological modeling component
Node | Arc
32
Softcopy Photogrammetry
Data presented in 3D format
33
GIS
Geographic Information System
34
Three types of data compression used in Raster Files
Run Length Point Value Quadtree
35
Topological Construct
Offset type data using topological operation
36
4 features in stormwater GIS
Catch Basin Valve Pipe Pump
37
Attribute of Pipe
Material | Size (Diameter)
38
4 features in sanitary GIS
Filter Lift Station Pipe Valves
39
Capabilities of sanitary GIS
closing or opening valves
40
4 features in potable water GIS
Tank Lake Meters Valves
41
Meters
Age (installation date) | Type (size, model)
42
3 features in transportation GIS
Road Sign Signal
44
Table of contents
lists the names of the layers in the current map. It shows the color or symbol used to draw each layer and tells by a check mark if the layer is visible
45
Layer properties
has several tabs for setting variable layer items
46
Full extent
zoom to full extent zooms the data view out to include the entire limites of the mapping data
47
identify tool
opens identify results dialogue box, which shows attributes of a feature if you click on it
48
open attribute table
open a spreadsheet type view of all the attributes of a layer
49
ArcCatalog
application for managing geographic data.
50
Metadata tab
found in arccatalog, provides information about a dataset, such as its coordinate system, extents and attribute description
51
Geographical searches
use latitude and longitude coordinates to limit data searches geographically
52
Data view
normal view used for adding and manipulating data
53
Layout view
used to view how the output will look if sent toa printer
54
Color palette
shows available colors
55
Symbolizing features
assigning a color, marker, sizes, width, angles patterns and othe rproperties
56
Symbolizing features by categorical attributes
symbolizing using qualitative or descriptive attributes
57
raster symbolization
assign colors to cells values or ranges of cell values
58
building pyramids
version of a raster data set, varying from coarse to fine resolution that are used to improve the drawing speed of raster data when you zoom in or out
59
graduated color symbology
displays features as shades in a range of colors that change gradually
60
graduated symbols
represents features using different marker sizes, normally used with point layers
61
proportional symbols
vary in size proportionally to the value symbolized
62
dot density
only available for polygon layers and represents quantities by a random pattern of dots
63
dynamic labeling
standard labeling function. Assigns the location of the labeling and the size of the label varies depending on the zoom level.
64
Graphic Variable
SizeTextureSaturationShape
65
Chropleth map
uses color and shapes to represent data
66
Classification in GIS
method of comparing attributes on a map
67
natural break
classification method that show large CONTRAST in data
68
quantiles
features are divided equally to certain values in the scale
69
equal interval
values of scale are equally divided
70
Two views in ARCGIS
DataLayout
71
Key items that are normally required on map layout
TitleLegendData Source
72
main map elements that need to be considered for addition to a printed map
North arrowphotosscale
73
Dimensionless map scale
ration that relates a unit of measure on a map to that on earth's surface
74
Small scale map
use larger ratio 1:1,000,000 world map
75
Large scale map
use small ratio 1:5,000 city map
76
What are two things you can easily add to a GIS layout for presentation
ChartsTables
77
What are two common datasets used frequently in GIS
Census DataZipcode Data
78
FIPS code
Federal information processing standards code.Assigns codes to locations around the world
79
geodatabase
manages coverages, grids and shape files inside a database
80
advantages of Geodatabase
Makes GIS database smartermany uses ca edit geographic data simultaneously

GIS (2 decks)

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