[3.1.12] Acids & Bases

Question 1

What is a Bronsted-Lowry acid?

What is a Bronsted-Lowry base?

Answer 1

Question 2

How do you calculate pH?

Answer 2

Question 3

What do strong acids do in water?

Answer 3

Completely dissociate.

Question 4

What is the concentration of hydrogen ions in a monoprotic strong acid?

Answer 4

• It will be the same as the concentration of the acid.

Question 5

How do you calculate [H⁺] from pH?

Answer 5

Question 6

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Question 7

In all aqueous solutions and pure water, an equilibrium occurs. What is this equilibrium and what is its expression?

Answer 7

Question 8

What is the value of Kw in all aqueous solutions at 25°C?

Answer 8

Question 9

What is the pH of pure water?

Answer 9

Question 10

Answer 10

Question 11

What is the effect of increasing temperature on the pH of pure water?

Answer 11

Question 12

What do strong bases do in water?

Answer 12

Question 13

How do you calculate the pH of a strong base?

Answer 13

Question 14

Answer 14

Question 15

What do weak acids do in water?

Answer 15

Question 16

What is the weak acid dissociation expression?

Answer 16

Question 17

How do you convert between pKa and Ka?

Answer 17

Question 18

What does a larger acid dissociation constant (Ka) indicate?

Answer 18

• The larger the Ka, the stronger the acid.

Question 19

Answer 19

Question 20

How can we calculate the pH of a weak acid?

Answer 20

Question 21

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Question 22

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Question 23

How would you calculate the pH in strong acid and base neutralisations?

Answer 23

Question 24

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Question 24

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Question 25

What is the concentration of H⁺/OH⁻ in a **diprotic** strong acid/base?

Answer 25

- It will be **double** as the concentration of the acid/base.

Question 26

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Question 27

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Question 28

How would you calculate the pH in weak acid and strong base neutralisations?

Answer 28

Question 29

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Question 30

When a weak acid has been reacted with exactly half the neutralisation volume of alkali, the expression of Ka can be simplified. Describe the simplification.

Answer 30

Question 31

Answer 31

Question 32

How do you calculate the pH of a diluted strong acid?

Answer 32

Question 33

How do you calculate the pH of a diluted base?

Answer 33

Question 34

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Question 35

What is a buffer solution?

Answer 35

Question 36

What is an **acidic** buffer solution made of?

Answer 36

Question 37

What is a **basic** buffer solution made of?

Answer 37

Question 38

Write the equilibrium that occurs in an ethanoic acid buffer. What would happen to the equilibrium if small amounts of acid are added? What would happen to the equilibrium if small amounts of alkali are added?

Answer 38

Question 39

What equation can be used to calculate the pH of acidic buffer solutions?

Answer 39

Question 40

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Question 41

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Question 42

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Question 43

How would you calculate the change in pH of a buffer if a small amount of acid or alkali was added?

Answer 43

Question 44

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Question 45

What is the affect of diluting a buffer solution on its pH?

Answer 45