3.1.2 Classification Flashcards
Define Classification
Systematic and natural grouping of both organisms and ecosystems that show a biological relation
What are the 3 features to classify organisms?
- Physical Features
- Reproduction Methods
- Molecular Sequences
What is the Taxonomy Heirarchy of classifying organisms?
What are physical features
- structural features that can be observed
- all related somehow
- following a lineage system (evolution really)
What are the reproductive methods
Two types of offspring:
- Asexual (offspring are genetically identical AKA clones)
- Sexual (sperm and egg)
Two types of parents:
- r selections (many offspring, little parental care, develop fast e.g. flys)
- K selections (fewer offspring, lot of investment in parental care, survival chances are lower e.g. lions)
How is Molecular Sequences a classifcation feature
- the sequence of DNA strands and amino acids determine the organism
- DNA strands are structured with either A, T pairs of C, G pairs
- clades are evolutionary line (generations of DNA passed on)
*(If you want worksheets to practice ask Maisy)*
What are the 4 different types of interactions (when classifying species)?
Hint: learnt about in biodiversity
- Competition (competing species fight for resources such as food and shelter)
- Symbiosis (parasitism, commensalism, mutualism and amensalism)
- Predation (predator kills and eats prey)
- Disease (infectious disease is where you can classify organisms)
What are the 4 different methods of classifying terrestial ecosystems (biomes)
- Holdridge life zone classification scheme
- Specht’s Classification system
- ANAE classification system
- EUNIS Classification system
Describe how the EUNIS Classification system works
This system identifies the topography of the land, the soil features, climate or water quality, and the general appearance of plants or animals in that area. It is a hierarchical classification system, ranging from broad to specific classficiations.
Decribe how the ANAE classification system works
This classifcation method uses three layers of identifcation
1st. regoinal scale
2nd. landscape scale
3rd. terresterial or aquatic
Decribe the Specht’s Classification system
This system classified ecosystems by their dominant types of vegetation and canopy cover.
Describe the Holdridge life zone classification scheme
This system classifies biomes according to average rainfall, average temperature, latitude of a region, humidity and potential evapotranspiration rate.
What are the 5 differnet types of kingdoms
- Anamalia (multicellular, internal digestion, movement, consumers)
- Plantae (multicellular, photosynthesis, producers)
- Fungi (multicellular, external digestion, consume waste, cant move)
- Monera (unicellular AKA prokaryotes e.g. bacteria)
- Protists (unicellular eukaryotes e.g. eugena)
What is the purpose of sampling?
Population of all animals and plant species is impossible to count, see the density and distribution of a species
Go over worked sheets in class for sampling cause its prac work
No seriously, do it
Define Clade
a group of organisms that consists of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants
