3.1.3,4,5

Question 1

Perceptions of non indigenous settlers

Answer 1

Opportunity (resource-wood, land for farming)
Fear (unpredictable weather, unfamiliar wild terrain)
To be Saved (from increased tourism)

Question 2

Interactions of non indigenous settlers

Answer 2

Deforestation for farming (McHaffie brothers)
They got a pastoral lease of the entire island for 10 pounds. Cleared the land by setting fire to the dense tee tree shrubs

Question 3

Impacts of non indigenous settlers

Answer 3

• Cattle cause soil erosion from hard hooves,
• lack of trees cause high turbidity and salinity,
• land clearing=loss of habitat=imbalance in ecosystem

Question 4

Relationships of indigenous settlers

Answer 4

P- kinship, mother, custodians
I- nomadic, H/G, firestick farming
I- minimal impacts due to sustainable interactions

Question 5

Define Industrialisation

Answer 5

Industrialisation - 1880s to early 1900s - is the rapid mass production of goods on a large scale. During this time, machinery started replacing human workers. This change meant that working hours were reduced to 8 hours Monday to Friday as well as no work on the weekend.

Question 6

Define nation building

Answer 6

Nation building - early 1900s onwards - europeans realised they could build a nation out of australia. there was no longer a fear of the environment. there was a strong desire to create a strong prosperous nation.

Question 7

Define increasing population

Answer 7

increasing population - 1800s to 1880s - this is when the gold rush occurred and the population of australia grew rapidly. this put a huge strain on available resources.

Question 8

Relationships during increasing population

Answer 8

P- Opportunity to use the land as a resource
I- McHaffie brothers (pastoral release) clearing the tree
I- Soil erosion due to the removal of trees and introduction of cattle.

Question 9

Relationships during industrialisation

Answer 9

P- Environment as a resource+in danger
I- Farming occurred a much larger scale. Chicory kilns
I- Tourism increased due to the discovery of little penguins

Question 10

Relationships during nation building

Answer 10

P- No longer fear of the environment there was a strong desire to create a strong prosperous nation.
I- First access road built (1927) and residents of Phillip Island took tourists by torchlight to see penguins on Summerland Peninsula. In 1939, the first bridge was built to Phillip Island.
I- Increasing tourism also had a neg impact on the environment but mostly moving in a positive direction

Question 11

Wilderness Society names

Answer 11

South West action committee (1962)>
Tasmanian wilderness society (1976)>
Wilderness Society

Question 12

Foundation and role of SWAC

Answer 12

SWAC was formed to protest the damming of lake Pedder, the SWAC had a constituent membership of over 1000 people before it became the TWS.

Question 13

Foundation and role of Wilderness Society

Answer 13

Their role was to protect, preserve and restore Tasmanian Wilderness areas. They lost the fight for lake Pedder in 1973 (when flooded)

Question 14

Who was the group behind the damming of Pedder

Answer 14

Hydro Electric Commission (HEC) Pushed by the government

Question 15

What was the UTG

Answer 15

• United Tasmania Group
• SWAC joined with UTG to create campaign to save Lake Pedder.
• UTG went on to become the Australian Greens Political Party in the year of 1992 by Bob Brown.

Question 16

Liberal Party INFO

Answer 16

• All for economy+jobs

- None for environment until greens party put pressure on them as people started voting for env loving parties

Question 17

Franklin River Campaign

Answer 17

• Bob Brown was elected (1983) as a independent then later became the Australian Greens Party in 1992
• Bob Brown led the movement to save the Franklin river campaign
• He stopped in 2012

Question 18

Bob Hawke in Labor

Answer 18

• He was elected during the Franklin River Campaign in 1983 to the Labor Party.
• He promised that he would save the Damming of the Franklin River.
• He created the World Heritage Properties conservation act 1983. Hawke took this act to High court and ended up saving the river.

Question 19

How did people see the environment

Answer 19

They believed it was very important, in fact they thought it was the second most important reason to choose a candidate.

Question 20

name the 2 policies

Answer 20

1. The Environment Protection Act of 1974 (Gough Whitlam)

2 Nation Parks and Wildlife conservation act 1975 (Malcolm Fraser) Uluru was the first park under the act