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Music Theory > AP Music Theory Vocabulary > Flashcards

AP Music Theory Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

Augmentation

A

note value is doubles/made larger

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2
Q

Diminution

A

note value is halved or made smaller

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3
Q

Sequence

A

Pitch and rhythmic pattern repeated at different pitch levels

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4
Q

Meter

A

synonym for time signature

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5
Q

Tempo

A

pace

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6
Q

Time signature

A

how many beats per bar and what note value gets the beat

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7
Q

Phrygian half

A

iv to V half cadence

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8
Q

Harmonic rhythm

A

Rate at which harmony changes

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9
Q

Voice leading

A

how one chord moves to the next

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10
Q

Oblique motion

A

one voice stationary, one voice moves

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11
Q

Consonance

A

pleasing to the ear

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12
Q

Dissonance

A

displeasing to the ear

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13
Q

Tendency Tone

A

How a note wants to resolve. eg. raised note wanted to resolve up

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14
Q

Picardy third

A

3rd in a minor key but final chord is Major I

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15
Q

Anacrusis

A

pickup; upbeat; pick up note or figure

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16
Q

Monophony, monophonic

A

one sound/voice, no harmony or accompaniment. Ex. Chanting

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17
Q

Contrapuntal

A

voices working against each other creating harmony

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18
Q

Motif

A

theme

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19
Q

Cadenza

A

A place for a soloist to showcase his/her strength

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20
Q

Cadential extension

A

delay of cadence by addition of material

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21
Q

coda

A

conclusion of a composition

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22
Q

codetta

A

marks end of sonatas, perfect cadence

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23
Q

coutour

A

shape of melody

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24
Q

Phrase elision

A

when the last note of one phrase serves as the first note of the second

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25
Q

fragmented motive

A

division of a musical idea into segments

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26
Q

Bridge

A

a contrasting section work which also prepares for the return of the original material of a section

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27
Q

turnaround

A

passage at the end of a section which leads to the next section often repetition of the previous section

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28
Q

twelve-bar blues

A

3 4-bar phrases, aab or abc pattern

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29
Q

conjunct

A

stepwise

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30
Q

disjunct

A

intervals larger than a second

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31
Q

extended version

A

phrase extended in the upbeat, body, or cadence portions of the phrase

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32
Q

fragmentation

A

little parts of melodic material

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33
Q

internal expansion

A

phrase extends beyond the expected phrase length

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34
Q

melodic inversion

A

melody flipped upside down with same rhythm

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35
Q

literal repetition

A

sequence repeated exactly

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36
Q

motivic transformation

A

when rhythm these is changed

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37
Q

octave displacement

A

take melody line and moving same notes to a different octave

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38
Q

retrograde

A

backwards

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39
Q

rhythmic transformation

A

multiplication, rotation, permutation, transportation, inversion, and combinations there of involving rhythm

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40
Q

sequential repetition

A

transposing a longer sequence to a different scale degree

41
Q

shortened version

A

abbreviated version of a piece

42
Q

transposition

A

moving key of an entire work

43
Q

truncation

A

has been shortened

44
Q

motive

A

smallest recognizable musical idea

45
Q

period

A

musical unit usually within 2 phrases

46
Q

antecedent

A

first phrase (question)

47
Q

consequent

A

second phrase (answer)

48
Q

contrasting period

A

begin different and end different

49
Q

double period

A

2 periods put together ie. 4 phrases

50
Q

parallel period

A

phrases begin the same

51
Q

phrase group

A

3+ phrases with tonal and/or thematic design elements that group them

52
Q

refrain

A

section of song tat repeats with same music/text

53
Q

binary

A

composition organized in 2 sections, usually each section is repeated. AB

54
Q

rounded binary

A

binary form in which melodic or motivic features in the initial phrase return the end of the piece A[BA]

55
Q

ternary

A

composition decided in 3 sections, outer section usually same, ABA

56
Q

Strophic

A

AAAAA….

57
Q

Medley or chain form

A

AABBCCDD…

58
Q

solo, soli

A

melodic line, solo=one person, soli=the section

59
Q

stanza

A

2+ sections of a song with similar music and different lyrics

60
Q

theme

A

main feel/melody of a piece

61
Q

thematic transformation

A

change of theme using permutation, aug, dim, fragmentation

62
Q

through composed

A

composition with no reoccurring section

63
Q

tutti

A

all together

64
Q

variation

A

material altered during repetition

65
Q

verse

A

different set of words to same music

66
Q

slash or +

A

raised a half step

67
Q

Imperfect authentic cadence

A

V (inversion) –> I (no tonic in soprano)

68
Q

perfect authentic cadence

A

V-I

69
Q

conclusive cadence

A

cadence ending with tonic chord

70
Q

Deceptive cadence

A

V-vi

71
Q

Half

A

anything-V

72
Q

Phrygian half

A

iv-V

73
Q

Inconclusive cadence

A

cadence not ending on tonic chord

74
Q

Plagal

A

IV-I

75
Q

Augmented triad

A

M3, A5

76
Q

diminished triad

A

m3, d5

77
Q

Major triad

A

M3, P5

78
Q

minor triad

A

m3, P5

79
Q

Major 7 chord

A

major-major

80
Q

dominant 7 chord

A

major-minor

81
Q

minor 7 chord

A

Minor-minor

82
Q

half-diminished 7 chord

A

diminished-minor

83
Q

fully diminished 7 chord

A

diminished-diminished

84
Q

tonic function

A

2 notes played successively in a melodic interval

85
Q

dominant function

A

creates instability that requires tonic to release tension

86
Q

predominant function

A

any chord that leads to a dominant chord

87
Q

common tone modulation

A

point of modulation is on a single note, using a common tone to move between 2 keys

88
Q

phrase modulation

A

Direct modulation between 2 phrases, new phrase begins in new key following a cadence

89
Q

pivot chord modulation

A

Modulation involving a chord that has a clear harmonic function in both keys

90
Q

neighboring chord

A

chords next to each other in scale degree rank

91
Q

rate or harmonic change

A

rate at which the chords change or the harmony changes in a piece

92
Q

realize realization of a figured bass

A

understanding the structure of a figured bass

93
Q

realization of a four-part roman numeral progression

A

writing 4 part voices, rolling 18 c voice leading rules

94
Q

retrogression

A

harmonic motions of chords that moves to a chord more distant from tonic

95
Q

secondary leading tone chord

A

a chord built on a secondary leading tone

96
Q

tonicization

A

a chord other than tonic that briefly function as tonic

97
Q

Cadential 64 chord

A
  • happens at cadence point
  • 164-V at cadence point
  • Ex. 164-V-1
98
Q

Passing 64 chord

A

bass moves by step

99
Q

Auxilary 64 chord

A

bass is constant

Music Theory (8 decks)

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