3.1.6 Materials

Question 1

corrugated card

Answer 1

two or more layers with a FLUTED layer for strength

use: packaging and protection

Question 2

duplex board

Answer 2

two layers of card bonded together. One side smooth and printed

use: food packaging

Question 3

foil-lined board

Answer 3

card line with aluminium foil for insulation

use: takeaway packaging

Question 4

ink jet card

Answer 4

smooth, treated card with a bleed proof finish

use: printing photographs

Question 5

foam core board

Answer 5

two layers of card with an inner foam card

use: modelling and mounting art

Question 6

solid white card

Answer 6

high quality, smooth finish on both sides

use: book covers, greeting cards

Question 7

Pine

Answer 7

softwood
lightweight, easy to work, can split

use: furniture

Question 8

Spruce

Answer 8

softwood
easy to work, high stiffness to weight ratio

use: furniture, musical instruments

Question 9

larch

Answer 9

softwood
durable, tough, good water resistance

use: exterior cladding/ decking, railway sleepers

Question 10

difference between softwood and hardwood

Answer 10

Softwood is coniferous and hardwood is deciduous

Question 11

MDF

Answer 11

rigid, stable, but very absobant

use: good value, flat pack furniture, kitchen units

Question 12

Chipboard

Answer 12

good compressive strength, not water resistant unless treated, prone to chipping

use: low end furniture

Question 13

Plywood

Answer 13

Very stable, alternate layering at 90 degree

use: furniture, shelves, toys

Question 14

benefits of manufactured timber

Answer 14

available in large board sizes
cheaper
good insulator
easily cut

Question 15

disadvantages of manufactured timber

Answer 15

dense so heavy
resins used can be toxic
edges difficult to finish

Question 16

difference between ferrous and non-ferrous metals

Answer 16

ferrous metal contain iron ferrite so are magnetic and rust.
non-ferrous don’t contain iron so are non magnetic so used for wiring and electronics

Question 17

thermoforming polymers

Answer 17

more flexible than thermosetting polymers because polymer chains are loosely arranged with few cross links
-acryclic
-polypropylene
-high density polyethylene
-high impact polystyrene
-polyvinyl chloride

Question 18

thermosetting polymers

Answer 18

Cross link polymer chains that set at higher temps and can’t be reformed.
chains packed close together
burn rather than melt and more brittle, more chemical resistant.
-polyester resin
-epoxy resin
-formaldehydes (urea, phenol, melamine)

Question 19

cotton

Answer 19

natural fibre
soft, strong, absorbent, takes to dyes well

use: clothing, bedsheets

Question 20

silk

Answer 20

natural fibre
soft, fine, lightweight, dries quick, lustrous

use: luxury clothes, underwear

Question 21

wool

Answer 21

natural fibre
insulating, crease resistant but can shrink

use: jumpers, coats, blankets

Question 22

polyamide (nylon)

Answer 22

synthetic fibre
strong and hard wearing, crease resistant

use: sportswear, parachutes

Question 23

elastane (lycra)

Answer 23

synthetic fibre
smooth, strong, stretchy, retains its shape, quick drying

use: sportswear, swimwear

Question 24

polyester

Answer 24

tough, strong, hard wearing, non-absorbant

use: fleece, sportswear, backpacks

Question 25

polycotton

Answer 25

blended fibre durable and stronger than cotton use: clothes, bedsheets

Question 26

woven textiles

Answer 26

plain weave warp= length weft= width strong, hard wearing. EVEN ON BOTH SIDES allows for printing use: tablecloths, upholstery

Question 27

bonded fabric

Answer 27

non-woven fabric lacks strength, no grain so cut in any direction and no fray use: teabags, disposable cloths

Question 28

felted fabric

Answer 28

non-woven fabric no elasticity, pulled apart use: hats, protective pads

Question 29

weft knitting

Answer 29

yarn that forms interlocking loops across the width -stretchy, can loose its shape

Question 30

warp knitting

Answer 30

yarn that forms interlocking vertical loops -less stretchy

Question 31

alloys

Answer 31

stainless steel (10.5% chromium) brass high speed steel (combat carbon)

Question 32

non ferrous metals

Answer 32

zinc aluminium tin copper

Question 33

ferrous metals

Answer 33

low and high carbon steel cast iron

Question 34

softwoods

Answer 34

pine larch spruce

Question 35

hardwoods

Answer 35

oak mahogany beech balsa ash