Plastics Mnemonics Flashcards
Structures within the superior orbital fissure but outside the area enclosed by the annulus of zinn
The structures within the superior orbital fissure but outside of the area enclosed by the annulus of Zinn are the lacrimal and frontal branches of CN V1, CN IV (trochlear), and the superior ophthalmic vein. This can be remembered by themnemonic “LFTs”(lacrimal, frontal, trochlear, and the superior ophthalmic vein).
This can be remembered by the mnemonic”Live Frankly To See Absolutely No Insult”- forLacrimal,Frontal,Trochlear,Superior Division of Oculomotor,Abducens,Nasociliary andInferior Division of Oculomotor nerve.
Note that this mnemonic has the divisions of the the ophthalmic branch of V1: lacrimal, frontal, and nasociliary. This mnemonic does not contain the superior ophthalmic vein or the sympathetics but no mnemonic is perfect.
Medial orbital walls
Mnemonic:SMEL(sphenoid, maxilla, ethmoid, lacrimal) medial orbital wall bones are near the nose!
Another useful mnemonic couplet to remember how many bones are in each wall and which have a sphenoid component, “2, 2, 3, 4–All have sphenoid except the floor.” The superior and lateral walls are comprised of 2 bones, the floor by 3, and the medial wall has 4 bones.
Branches of v1
three main divisions: V1(ophthalmic nerve), V2(maxillary nerve), and V3(mandibular nerve).
A mnemonic to remember the branches of V1isNFL:nasociliary,frontal,lacrimal.
Epicanthus
Epicanthus inversus is associated with a medial eyelid skin fold that is more prominent in the lower eyelid. Epicanthus palpebralis is associated with a medial eyelid skin fold that is equally prominent in the upper and lower eyelid. Epicanthus supraciliaris is associated with a medial eyelid skin fold that is more prominent from the eyebrow to the lacrimal sac. Epicanthus tarsalis is associated with a medial eyelid skin fold that is more prominent in the upper eyelid.
This can be remembered with the mnemonic:
Epicanthus TIPS: Tarsalis (T= Top= upper eyelid), Inversus (I=Inferior=lower lid), Palpebralis(U=L), Supraciliaris: above the cilia (above the eyebrow).
TED. Rx
Correct order of surgical intervention for thyroid disease is from IN to OUT of the eye: (OSL)
1) Orbit decompression
2) Strabismus (EOM)
3) Lids
Or DSL
Structures within the annulus of zinn
A way to remember the structures within the annulus of Zinn: 3N3 is 6. the Superior and inferior divisions of CN3, nasociliary and the CN6.
open globe
Mnemonic for suspected open globe:
CATS
CT
Antibiotics
Tetanus vaccine (if patient not up to date)
Shield
Most abundant immunoglobulin in tears
IgA: A for abundant
IgA is secretory
What drains into the superior/inferior/medial meatus?
although it is Middle Meatus, if you think of it as Medial Meatus:
MEDs get Max FAME (MEDial, Maxillary, Frontal/Anterior/Medial/Ethmoid.
suPErior meatus (Post Ethmoid)
The nasolacrimal duct drains just behind the inferior meatus. When performing silicone intubation of the nasolacrimal duct, you should look near the inferior meatus to find the end of the tube that has been threaded through the tear duct system
The frontal, anterior and medial ethmoidal, and maxillary sinuses drain into the middle meatus. The posterior ethmoidal sinus drains into the superior meatus.
Lockwoods ligament and lateral orbital tubercle
The eye stands on a wooden floor.
Look! Wood!
(Lockwoods ligament = suspensory ligament of eyeball)
exits of CN V
Standing Room only
V1 = SO fissure
V2 = foramen Rotundum
V3 = foramen Ovale
V1 nerve branches
A mnemonic to remember the branches of V1 is NFL: nasociliary, frontal, lacrimal. Please see the answer image for an illustration of these important nerve branches.
The frontal nerve branches into the supratrochlear and supraorbital. The lacrimal nerve does not branch. The nasociliary nerve gives off the ethmoidal nerves, the long ciliary nerve, the communicating branch to the ciliary ganglion, and the infratrochlear nerve.
The long ciliary nerves supply the iris, cornea, and ciliary muscle. Prior to entering the globe, the nasociliary branch gives off branches (i.e. the ethmoidal nerves) that go through the anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramen to supply innervation to the ethmoid sinus, the lateral wall of the nose, and the tip of the nose’s skin.
In herpes zoster ophthalmicus, involvement of the tip of the nose may indicate that there is involvement of the nasociliary branch of V1 (i.e. “Hutchinson’s sign”). Since the cornea is innervated by the nasociliary branch, this indicates a higher (though not absolute) risk of corneal involvement.
V1 nerve branches
A mnemonic to remember the branches of V1 is NFL: nasociliary, frontal, lacrimal.
The frontal nerve branches into the supratrochlear and supraorbital. The lacrimal nerve does not branch. The nasociliary nerve gives off the ethmoidal nerves, the long ciliary nerve, the communicating branch to the ciliary ganglion, and the infratrochlear nerve.
The long ciliary nerves supply the iris, cornea, and ciliary muscle. Prior to entering the globe, the nasociliary branch gives off branches (i.e. the ethmoidal nerves) that go through the anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramen to supply innervation to the ethmoid sinus, the lateral wall of the nose, and the tip of the nose’s skin.
In herpes zoster ophthalmicus, involvement of the tip of the nose may indicate that there is involvement of the nasociliary branch of V1 (i.e. “Hutchinson’s sign”). Since the cornea is innervated by the nasociliary branch, this indicates a higher (though not absolute) risk of corneal involvement.
Location of accessory glands
accessory glands (Krause and Wolfring) = produce aqueous component of tears. Lacrimal gland = reflex tears.
Wolfring = wolf guarding the border (of the tarsus --> nonmarginal tarsal border) Krause = found in the "crotch" of the eyelids (fornix)
NLDO?
Valve of HASner HAS the problem
