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biol resit > January 2013 > Flashcards

January 2013 Flashcards

0
Q

–|
–• <- _______
–•

_____

A

–|
–• <- sugar
–•

Bonds A+T / C+G

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1
Q

Complete the word education below which shows respiration

Glucose + ______ = ______ + water

A

Glucose + OXYGEN = CARBON DIOXIDE + water

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2
Q

In a diagram the DNA structure is ladder-like. How would a living cell DNA structure be shown?

A

A living cell would twist into a double helix

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3
Q

DNA structure enables ______ to be joined together to form ______.

A

DNA structure enables ANINO ACIDS to be joined together to form PROTEINS.

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4
Q

Name the type of cell division taking place after the number of female chromosomes are halved

A

Mitosis

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5
Q

What name is given to the process of a ball of food moving along the oesophagus?

A

Peristalsis

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6
Q

Explain how a ball of food moves along the oesophagus

A

The muscular tube contracts to help the ball of food move down the oesophagus.

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7
Q

In an experiment with a jar of 2 healthy plants inside polythene bags, one next to a jar of water and one next to a jar of sodium hydroxide solution with glass beads and soda like at the tubes what is the purpose of the experiment?

A

To find if carbon dioxide is needed for photosynthesis

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8
Q

State the function of a polythene bag in the test to find if carbon dioxide is needed for photosynthesis in a jar

A

It prevents jar from escaping from the soil and keeps carbon dioxide away from microbes.

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9
Q

Explain why plants are placed in the dark for 48 hours prior to the experiment

A

To ensure that any starch that is detected has been produced during the experiment and that it was not produced before.

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10
Q

At the end of the experiment with jars a lead was taken from rah plant and tested for starch. State the colour observed for each leaf and the reason.

Apparatus A- (beads, sputum hydroxide solution)

Apparatus B - (water, glass beads)

A

Apparatus A- REMAINED BROWN because there is NO PHOTOSYNTHESIS happening this no starch

Apparatus B- TURNED BLUE/BLACK because STARCH IS PRESENT since photosynthesis has happened.

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11
Q

Explain how air is drawn into the lungs during inspiration (breathing in)

A

When inspiration is happening the INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES CONTRACT and the RIBS MOVE UP AND OUT. The DIAPHRAGM CONTRACTS and FLATTENS. The PRESSURE in the thorax ⬇️ while air moves in and the VOLUME ⬆️.

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12
Q

What microorganism reproduces by budding?

A

Fungus

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13
Q

What microorganism reproduces by dividing in two?

A

Bacteria

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14
Q

What microorganism reproduced inside a host cell?

A

Virus

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15
Q

State the function of chlorophyll in photosynthesis

A

Absorbs light

16
Q

In an experiment to rest a leaf for presence of starch, name the four steps in this experiment.

A

A- the leaf is dipped in boiling water

B- the Bunsen burner is turned off, the leaf is placed in a test tube containing ethanol, the test the is places in the beaker of water.

C- the leaf is dipped in hot water

D- the lead is blotted dry and covered with dilute iodine solution

17
Q

In the four steps in the experiment to test a leaf for the presence of starch what is the purposes of each three steps?

A

Stage A- Melt away away article and to kill leaf

Stage B- dissolve chlorophyll from leaf

Stage C- to wash substance off

18
Q 
O<
        >| |
 \_\_\_\_\_| |\_\_\_\_\_
 |  ⍤     | |   ⍤    •
 •   ⍤   | |      ⍤  |
 |  >⍤ // \\<  ⍤  •< 
 •      ❤️         |
  =========       
   ^
A 
O< Larynx
          | |< Trachea
 \_\_\_\_\_| |\_\_\_\_\_
 |  ⍤     | |   ⍤    •
 •   ⍤   | |      ⍤  |
 |  >⍤ // \\<  ⍤  •< Intercostal muscles 
 •      ❤️         |
  =========    Bronchioles/Alveoli   
   ^
Diaphragm
19
Q

Gas exchange takes place between an alveolus and the blood. State the process by which has exchange takes place

A

Diffusion

20
Q

Describe two adaptations of an alveolus that can help gas exchange

A
  • > high storage of blood

- > thin walls

21
Q

What process in living peas causes temperature to rise as they’re soaked in disinfectant and are in a thermos flask?

A

Respiration

22
Q

Why we’re all the seeds soaked in weak disinfectant before the start of the experiment with peas?

A

So it can kill bacteria to ensure that there is no respiration present

23
Q

Explain fully the rise of temperature recorded in flask B where the peas have been boiled

A

The ⬆️ in temperature rises because the boiling DENATURES the enzymes. The temperature then ⬆️ as the bacteria carries out RESPIRATION. It shows that the seeds are respiring and therefore seeds release heat and nothing else.

24
Q

Describe fully the processes involved in the chemical breakdown of food containing fat from the time it leaves the stomach.

A

biol resit (2 decks)

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