Non-ionizing radiation Flashcards
True or False. The photoreceptor cells in the retina are much more sensitive to green light (532nm) than red light (630nm) of equivalent luminance due to the photoreceptors inherent peak sensitivity to wavelengths around 555nm. An individual may perceive green laser light to be as much as 30 times brighter than a red laser of equal power.
True.
An airmay may wish to see an eye care specialist if he or she has any concerns after a laser beam exposure, but an eye exam should definitely be recommended when the airman experiences \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ visual and/or physical effects that last more than a few\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. A) brief, seconds B) intermittent, minutes C) persistent, hours D) transient, minutes
C) Persistent, hours.
Photoreceptors in the human eye are more sensitive to what color of visible light? A) Red B) Green C) White D) Blue
Choice B. Green.
What should an airman or aircrew member do immediately after illumination by a laser beam?
A) See an eye doctor immediately after landing.
B) Implement mitigations immediately, and then see an eye doctor.
C) Contact the appropriate Air Traffic Control facility as soon as possible following the incident.
D) Implement appropriate mitigating actions immediately, and then report the event.
D) An airman should first implement appropriate mitigating actions during and after a laser illumination event. Then contact the ATC and FAA and fill out the Laser Beam Exposure Questionnaire (Advisory Circular 70).
Body Mass Index takes height and weight into consideration, and is generally used to determine if some is overweight (BMI of ________) or obese (BMI over ________).
25.0 to 29.0, and over 30.
An individual can increase basal metabolic rate by adding more muscle; one pound of muscle can burn _______ calories a day, while one pound of fat burns only ________ calories a day.
Muscle burns 30-50 calories a day, whereas fat burns only 3 calories a day.
Peripheral heart action (PHA) workouts result in which one of the following:
a) Increased lactic acid build up
b) Increased delay in onset of muscle soreness (DOMS).
c) Decreased blood flow to parts of the body.
d) Increased lean muscle mass.
d) PHA helps to lower body fat and increase lean muscle mass which leads to burning additional calories post-workout, particularly when compared to traditional resistance training and aerobic training separately.
Laser irradiation of the eye may cause damage to the cornea, lens, or retina, depending on the wavelength of the light and the energy absorption characteristics of ocular tissue. Chorioretinal burns have been found to be the chief eye hazard from lasers operating in the wavelength region of:
a) approximately 180nm to 350 nm
b) approximately 400nm to 1400 nm
c) appox 1450 nm to 10,600nm
d) the entire electromagnetic spectrum
b) approximately 400 nm to 1400 nm
Several hours post exposure of the eyes to a laser source, a clinician observes corneal transparency loss, surface exfoliation, tearing and conjunctival discharge in a patient who is unaware of the laser parameters of exposure. The clinician concludes that the possible wavelength of exposure must have been from
a) 180nm to 350nm (violet)
b) 400nm to 1400 nm (near infrared)
c) 1450nm to 10,600nm (far infrared)
d) the entire electromagnetic spectrum
e) a and b
e) a and b
The two fundamental biophysical mechanisms to damage found in research on injury to skin and ocular tissue from laser exposures are:
a) thermal and mechanical
b) chemical and mechanical
c) photochemical and thermal
d) ultraviolet and visible
d) photochemical and thermal
Which is more vulnerable to lasers; skin or eye?
The eye is always more vulnerable to injury than the skin.
Laser exposure to tissue is measured in ____________.
joules per square centimeter. Whereas wavelength is measured in newtons per square meter.
Which part of the eye is the most vulnerable to microwave radiation?
a) Cornea
b) Iris
c) Lens
d) Retina
e) Optic Nerve
d) Lens
The major natural source of non-ionizing radiation is:
a) galactic
b) solar
c) terrestrial
d) galactic and solar
d) terrestrial-
