3.1.8 Inorganic Substance 3.1.2 Sugar Flashcards
(24 cards)
Property of inorganic substance
Dissolve in water for transportation
No carbon
In cytoplasm/ body fluid
Fuction of hydrogen ion
Determining the pH of solution
Therefore functioning of enzyme
Function of iron ion (where, deficiency)
Transport of oxygen (binding)
In haemoglobin (RBC)
Anaemia
Function of Phosphate ions
Structural role in DNA (in sugar phosphate backbone of nucleotide )
Storing energy in ATP moelecules
Function of Sodium ion
Transport of glucose and amino acid
Across plasma membranes by cotransport
Calcium ion
Provide skeleton strength and structure
In Bones
List of biological molecules
Carbohydrates
Protein (including enzyme)
Lipid
Nuclei acid (dna and rna)
Definition of polymer
Large molecule made up of many similar/ identical molecule/ monomer bond together
Give four example of monomer and its polymer
Monosaccharides - polysaccharides (Alpha glucose — starch/ glycogen)
Amino acid - polypeptides
Nucleotide - nucleic acids / polynucleotide/ DNA
Fatty acid and glycerol - lipid
Condensation
A chemical, reaction in which the jointing of 2 organic compound result in the their production and release of water
Hydrolysis
The process of breaking bonds through the addition of water to convert a large molecule into smaller molecules
Simple and complex sugar example
Simple : monosaccharides, disaccharide
Complex : polysaccharides
Isomer
Same chemical formula/ molecular formula , same bond between atom
Different arrangement / structural formula
Bonding in glucose
Glycosidic Bond (1-4)
Maltose made up of….
Alpha glucose x2
Lactose made up of…
Alpha glucose & galactose
Sucrose made up of…
Alpha glucose & fructose
Benedict test Color change
Blue green organdie brick red
Semi quantitative result
Rule of reducing sugar
All monosaccharides
Some disaccharide
Sucrose is not reducing sugar
Explain change of colour in Benedict test
Cu 2+ + e- —> cu+
Copper ll sulphate —> copper l oxide
Reducing sugar test
Add 2 cm3 of sugar mixed with equal amount of Benedict reagant
Heat in the water bath at 70-90 degree for 5 mins
Observe result
Non reducing sugar test
2cm3 sugar
Add 2 drop of acid then heat for 2 mins
Neutralise by Adding 2 drop of alkaline
Benedict test in hot water bath heat for 5 mins
Monosaccharides and disaccharide solution of same volume which one will have more precipitate
Disaccharide
With same concentration, more molecules (doubles)
Number of carbon, name , example of monosaccharides and use
Triose (3) Glyceraldehyde (glycolysis)
Tetrose (4)
Pentose (5) ribose , deoxyribose (make up rna / dna)
Hexose (6) fructose, glucose, galactose (make storage/ structural molecules)
