Unit 2 Chemistry of Life

Question 0

What are atoms?

Answer 0

The building blocks of matter

Question 1

What is matter?

Answer 1

Anything that takes up space and has mass

Question 2

What are elements?

Answer 2

Pure substances made up of only one type of element

Ex. Oxygen O2, Carbon C

Question 3

What is a molecule?

Answer 3

A pure substance of two or more atoms combined (same of different kind)
Ex. Salt NaCl, oxygen O2, water H2O

Question 4

What is a compound?

Answer 4

A pure substance of two or more different atoms

Ex. Salt NaCl, water H2O

Question 5

Every compound is a molecule, but not every molecule is a compound

Answer 5

Ok

Question 6

What are molecules and compounds held together by?

Answer 6

Chemical bonds

Question 7

What are the 3 chemical bonds?

Answer 7

Covalent (polar & non polar), ionic, and hydrogen bonds

Question 8

What are covalent bonds?

Answer 8

When electrons are shared between atoms

Question 9

What are non polar covalent bonds?

Answer 9

Electrons are shared evenly between atoms

Question 10

What are polar covalent bonds?

Answer 10

Electrons are not shared evenly

Question 11

What are ionic bonds?

Answer 11

Electrons are given from one atom to another ( Ionic, I give)
Leaves one molecule positive and another negative

Question 12

What are hydrogen bonds?

Answer 12

A type of bond in which molecules w/ polar covalent bonds are attracted to other molecules w/ polar covalent bonds. (Like in water)

Question 13

What are chemical reactions?

Answer 13

Process by which molecules rearrange their chemical bonds to make new substances, some chemical reactions use energy, while others release energy

Question 14

What is activation energy?

Answer 14

The energy needed to start a chemical reaction

Question 15

What is an enzyme?

Answer 15

A molecule that speeds up chemical reactions w/o changing the outcome. Enzymes lower the activation energy and are not used up in the reaction.

Question 16

what is enzyme function determined by?

Answer 16

Temperature, ionic concentration, and pH

Question 17

What do all biomolecules contain?

Answer 17

Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

Question 18

What are the 4 types of biomolecules?

Answer 18

Carbohydrates/ polysaccharide, lipids, proteins, and Nucleic acids

Question 19

What are carbohydrates/ polysaccharides and what is their function?

Answer 19

They’re sugars and starches, their function is short term energy storage.

Question 20

What are carbohydrates/polysaccharides monomer?

Answer 20

Monosaccharides

Question 21

What are lipids and what is their function?

Answer 21

Fats, oils, and steroids. Their function is long term energy storage.

Question 22

What is lipids monomer?

Answer 22

Fatty acids and glycerol

Question 23

What is proteins function?

Answer 23

Provides structure, metabolism, movement, communication, defense, and transport in cells

Question 24

What is the monomer of proteins? And what is formed between the monomer?

Answer 24

Amino acids, peptide bonds

Question 25

What are Nucleic acids? And what is their function?

Answer 25

DNA & RNA, stores genetic info

Question 26

What are the monomers of Nucleic acids?

Answer 26

Nucleotides