3.2.2.2.2 cp meaning and representation

Question 1

what is sense of place

Answer 1

the feelings of attachment we have to
certain places. We experience place, for example, by living and working there or by visiting them. From these ‘real-life’ experiences and memories, we develop a sense of place

Question 2

how do different people view places

Answer 2

attach different meanings to the same place, different people may see the same place as beautiful and unattractive

how people feel about places is often dependent on their experiences, insiders/outsiders or positive or negative experience

Question 3

what is perception of a place

Answer 3

is it developed through what people have heard, seen or read about a place

Question 4

what influences perception of a place

Answer 4

level of wealth, level of education, age, access to media, access to travel

Question 5

how do we collect data on peoples sense of place and perceptions

Answer 5

formal techniques, first space representations, second space representations and third space representations

Question 6

what are the formal techniques

Answer 6

census data statistics and cartography, do not tell us how people feel about a place

Question 7

what is first space representations

Answer 7

means to attempt to understand a place in terms of quantitative analysis, what is physically present in a place and is empirically measurable

Question 8

what is secondspace representations

Answer 8

subjective accounts of personal experience and capture a sense of place in a way that first space accounts cannot

Question 9

what is thirdspace representations

Answer 9

both qualitative and quantitative data

Question 10

what other factor affects how people feel about places

Answer 10

how they are represented to people

Question 11

what is representation of place

Answer 11

how individuals, or organisations such as businesses or councils, portray places they know about to others

Question 12

example of how representations differ depending on perceptions

Answer 12

Individuals who are proud to come from a place may present it to others in
a positive way. Individuals who have had a bad experience may present
it negatively.

Organisations e.g. tourism companies or local councils may present
places positively as they stand to gain from how places are perceived. Newspapers may focus on the negative aspects of a place in circumstances where it may help them to sell more copies

Question 13

why are meanings and representations important

Answer 13

they can change how people behave towards those places e.g. positive feelings about a place may make someone go on holiday or invest in a business there. Negative feelings may make them avoid that place, people also generate their identity based on places they feel connected to

Question 14

who and why would manage or manipulate perception of place

Answer 14

groups such as external agencies try to influence peoples sense of place or even create new meanings so they can chnage peoples bahviojr towards those places

Question 15

what are the 3 groups who try to influence sense of place or create new meanings for places

Answer 15

Governments, corporate bodies and communities or other groups

Question 16

what do Governments want to do

Answer 16

want to attract people and or investment, strategies to do this include place marketing, rebranding and re-imaging

Question 17

What is a Corporate bodies and how do they influence place meaning

Answer 17

an organisation or group of persons that is identified by a particular name, Examples include institutions, businesses, non-profit enterprises and government agencies

For example the Lake District being named the adventure capital of the UK and websites such as visit Keswick and Harrogate

Question 18

How do communities or other local groups influence perceptions of a place

Answer 18

take an active role in managing and
improving the perception of their place to improve the local economy, for example by attracting investment, improve opportunities and services within the area and the lives of local people

For example, local people and business owners in Ludlow promote the town through organising a food festival every year – this associates Ludlow with good food and attracts visitors to the area

Question 19

what are the three main strategies used to alter place perception

Answer 19

Place marketing, re imaging and rebranding

Question 20

what is place marketing

Answer 20

how places are sold to consumers, the people who will partially visit move to the area or invest money there

Question 21

What does place marketing involve

Answer 21

Marketing or public relations companies may be employed by national and local government to improve and create positive perceptions of place, these companies produce websites, design logos, run advertising campaigns and social media pages all designed to promote a particular place

Example : Lake District is being promoted as the adventure capital of the Uk through a website and related social media pages which have details of the activities in the area

Question 22

what is re-imaging

Answer 22

changing exiting negative perceptions of places, aim to create new positive set of ideas, feelings and attitudes

Question 23

what is an example of re-imaging

Answer 23

In Liverpool Deindustrialisation had caused economic downturn and riots in 1981 and dominated newspaper headlines, Large scale regeneration began and the Tate Liverpool art gallery was one of a number of projects aimed at re-imaging the city’s industrial heritage through culture, the Merseyside development corporation used to term ‘there’s life in the old docks yet’, this regeneration was a key factors In Liverpool winning the title of European Capital of a culture in 2008

Question 24

what is rebranding

Answer 24

also used to discard negative perceptions of place, giving new identity that is appealing to people and investors

Question 25

what is involved in rebranding

Answer 25

achieved through reimaging, place marketing and regeneration schemes.

As part of rebranding, many places create logos and slogans that are designed
to be instantly recognisable and create positive associations with the place they
are representing

Question 26

what are the issues with rebranding

Answer 26

Different stakeholders may include pre-existing residents, local businesses,
potential investors, local government and potential homeowners or visitors and the challenge is to satisfy as many of these groups as possible

Pre-existing residents often want to protect and project their local distinctiveness while development agencies seek to establish place brands based on government incentives, available technology and an area’s international links.

Some city regeneration schemes have actually driven out the locals they originally intended to help, as rising property prices and rents have favoured more affluent people.