3.2.31 - Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes Flashcards
What are living things categorized into?
Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes
What are prokaryotes?
organisms with cells that lack nuclei or other membrane-bound organelles
Are almost all prokaryotes multicellular or unicellular?
Unicellular
Are most eukaryotes multicellular or Unicellular?
Multicellular
What are eukaryotes?
organisms with cells that have nuclei and other membrane-bound organelles
What are the 2 domains of prokaryotic organisms?
bacteria and archaea
What are the 3 total domains?
bacteria, archeans, and eukarya
Most bacteria are a few _________ long
micrometers
What is a micrometer?
one micrometer = 1 millionth of a meter
Where do bacteria live?
Every type of habitat on Earth
Bacteria are what type of organisms?
Microorganisms
What are the most common shapes of bacteria?
Bacilli, cocci, and spirilla
Bacilli are what shape?
rods
Cocci are what shape?
spheres
Spirilla are what shape?
spirals
Bacteria cause what common illnesses?
Tuberculosis, pneumonia, and food poisoning
Do we have more bacterial cells or human cells inside of us?
Bacterial cells
What are the similarities and differences between bacteria and archaea?
They are both prokaryotes and unicellular. Although Archaean DNA is as different from bacterial DNA as it is from eukaryotes.
Archaea are similar in size and shape to bacteria. True or False.
True
What are archaea?
Prokaryotic organisms that live in extreme environments.
What type of extreme environments do archaea live in?
places with very high temperatures ( e.g. hot springs)
very low temperatures (e.g.super salineenvironments)
very acidic or very basic conditions
and in anoxic conditions
What does anoxic mean?
no oxygen
Archaea are referred to as _______ becuz they are found in such extreme types of habitat.
extremophiles
Most of the environments that archaea live in are suitable for many other forms of life. True or False.
False
