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A.P Gov > Public Policy Quiz > Flashcards

Public Policy Quiz Flashcards

0
Q

Budget deficit

A

More money is being paid out than is being taken in through taxes in one year

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1
Q

Basis of budget creation

A

Must be approved by Congress, but the president proposes budget with the help of the office of management and budget

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2
Q

Budget surplus

A

More money is being taken in through taxes than is being put out

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3
Q

National debt

A

The amount of debt overtime

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4
Q

Budget crisis

A

Occurs when Congress doesn’t approve the proposed budget and a standoff occurs

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5
Q

Expenditure

A

Money being spent by the government

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6
Q

Revenue

A

Money coming into the government

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7
Q

Discretionary spending

A

Congress has the ability to adjust spending

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8
Q

Mandatory spending

A

Spending that is required with no adjustments

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9
Q

Entitlement programs

A

Programs that people are entitled to as long as they meet a certain requirement

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10
Q

Impoundment

A

Refusal of a president to spend money on congress

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11
Q

Progressive tax

A

Any tax where a burden falls more heavily on rich than poor

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12
Q

Regressive tax

A

Any tax where the burden falls more on the poor than rich

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13
Q

Individual income tax

A

Paid by the individuals or married couple

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14
Q

Social insurance tax

A

Social security and Medicare deductions on your paycheck

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15
Q

Excise tax

A

Taxes on the sale of goods (alcohol)

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16
Q

Social security

A

Created by social security act to provide income to retired and disabled

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17
Q

Medicaid

A

Medical insurance for max income requirements

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18
Q

Medicare

A

Medical insurance for the elderly and disabled

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19
Q

Social welfare programs

A

Aid to families with dependent children (AFDC) provides assistance to families with little to no income

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20
Q

Temporary assistance for needy families (TANF)

A

Replaced AFDC in 1996-block grant that limits recipients to five years of benefits and requires them to work, receive training, or public service

21
Q

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

A

Created by Congress in the 1970s to enforce environmental legislation

22
Q

Clean air act of 1970 and 1990

A

Implemented to read deuce air pollutuon

23
Q

Water pollution control act of 1972

A

Designed to clean up rivers and lakes

24
Q

Endangered species act of 1973

A

Lists species that are protected and endangered

25
Q

Superfund

A

Form from taxes on chemical products to require companies that polluted lands to pay to clean them up

26
Q

Affirmative-action

A

Effort to improve the education/employment opportunities for minority groups

27
Q

University of California versus bake

A

Rejected quotas for admissions based on race, but allowed race to be a factor

28
Q

Gutter versus bollinger

A

Using race is a factor, upheld so long is narrowly tailored to meet goals for diversity-race cannot be the only factor

29
Q

Fisher versus university of Texas

A

Policies of held so long as it is nearly tailored to meet a competing government interest

30
Q

Affirmative-action trend

A

Compelling government interest to promote diversity but policies have been nearly Taylor to meet those interests. Raise cannot be the only factor

31
Q

American with disabilities act (ADA)

A

Federal mandate that prohibits on the basis of disability

32
Q

No Child left behind (NCLB 2002)

A

Bush signed into law requiring all states to administer a proficiency test to monitor student progress

33
Q

Title IX

A

No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied to the benefits of, Or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving federal financial assistance

34
Q

Trade relations

A

Because of globalization, this is become a common tool to influence relationships between countries

35
Q

North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)

A

Free-trade between US Mexico and Canada

36
Q

Foreign aid

A

Providing resources to other countries for development security humanitarian and military use

37
Q

Intelligence

A

Gathering both public information/spying to protect

38
Q

Covert action

A

Further foreign-policy by carrying out secret actions

39
Q

Boycotts

A

Refusal to buy goods from some countries

40
Q

Sanctions

A

Punishments two countries to put pressure on them to change their policies

41
Q

Armed Forces

A

Last resort-war

42
Q

Intergovernmental organizations (IGO)

A

Any organization formed by governments of different countries often to deal with trade or security

43
Q

Nongovernmental organizations (NGO)

A

Organizations formed by individuals and associations to provide service or to pursue a public policy

44
Q

The United Nations

A

Created after World War I when the league of Nations was dissolved

45
Q

Goals of foreign-policy

A

National security, world peace, economic prosperity, and humanitarian goals

46
Q

Tools of foreign-policy

A

Diplomacy and treaties

47
Q

Public-policy

A

Decision or action of the government that addresses problems and issues facing society. Some policies are passed a new law’s, some are contained in laws/regulations

48
Q

History of citizenship

A

Constitution did not defined citizenship, it was assumed that citizens in United States born are citizens

49
Q

Dred Scott versus Stanford

A

Slaves are not citizens unless parents were

50
Q

14th amendment

A

Slaves are citizens, all natural born are citizens, cannot discriminate without due process

51
Q

Naturalization process

A

Immigration, permanent residency,Application, interview, test, ceremony

A.P Gov (8 decks)

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