Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Inorganic Chemistry > 3.2.4 Properties of Period 3 elements and their oxides (A2) > Flashcards

3.2.4 Properties of Period 3 elements and their oxides (A2) Flashcards

1
Q

what are the physical appearance and physical properties of sodium?

A

metallic, shiny, conducts electricity (worst conductor out of the metals)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the reaction of sodium with acid?

A

Na + acid —> H2 + salt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the reaction of sodium with cold water?

A

vigorous, floats on water, fizzes, melts due to delta H of the reaction. NaOH is pH 13-14.
2Na + 2H2O —> 2NaOH + H2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the reaction of sodium with oxygen?

A

bright yellow flame, forms white powder of Na2O

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the appearance and physical properties of magnesium?

A

metallic, shiny, conducts electricity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the reaction of magnesium with cold water?

A

very slow reaction, pH 10 as Mg(OH)2 is sparingly soluble

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the reaction between magnesium and steam?

A

much faster
forms MgO and hydrogen gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the reaction between magnesium and oxygen?

A

bright white flame, forms white powder of Mg0

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

appearance and physical properties of aluminium?

A

metallic, shiny, best conductor of electricity in period 3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the reaction of Al and cold water?

A

no reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the reaction of Al with oxygen?

A

heat and lower into jar of O2
bright flame, forms white powder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

why is aluminium considered unreactive even though the metal itself is reactive?

A

covered by Al2O3 from where oxygen has oxidised the surface
useful for saucepans, window frames etc.
if Al2O3 is scratched off, Al reacts rapidly with oxygen to form a new coat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

appearance and physical properties of silicon?

A

semimetal (metalloid) , semiconductor (conducts electricity to an extent in specific conditions)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the reaction of silicon and oxygen?

A

heat strongly
forms SiO2 (white powder)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the appearance and physical properties of phosphorus?

A

non metal, low mp and bp, does not conduct electricity.
exists at white phosphorus most commonly (P4)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the reaction of phosphorus in excess oxygen?

A

red phosphorus needs to be heated significantly first
white phosphorus ignites spontaneously in air
phosphorus pentoxide (white solid) formed - P4O10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what if the reaction of phosphorus in limited oxygen?

A

incomplete combustion: colourless liquid phosphorus trioxide formed - P4O6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what are the appearance and physical properties of sulphur?

A

non metal, low mp and bp, does not conduct electricity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is the reaction of sulphur with oxygen?

A

need to heat and lower into a jar of oxygen.
colourless gas sulphur dioxide formed.
some SO3 also formed.

20
Q

what are the different types of structure and bonding displayed by the period 3 oxides?

A

Na - ionic lattice
Mg - ionic lattice
Al - ionic lattice with covalent character
Si - giant covalent
P - simple molecular covalent
S - simple molecular covalent

21
Q

what is the trend in melting points for period 3 oxides? which are the highest and lowest?

A

highest - MgO
lowest - SO2
increases for Na2O and MgO due to stronger ionic bonding, but Al2O3 is lower due to the covalent character of the bonding
decreases with size for simple molecular molecules

22
Q

which period 3 oxides are basic?

A

Na2O and MgO

23
Q

what is the reaction of Na oxide and water? pH?

A

Na2O + H2O —> 2Na+ + 2OH-
pH 14

24
Q

what is the reaction of MgO with water? pH?

A

MgO + H2O —> Mg2+ + 2OH- (rr arrows) Mg(OH)2
pH 9-10 as Mg(OH)2 is sparingly soluble

25
Q

what are the products if Na2O and MgO are reacted with acid?

A

salt and water only

26
Q

is aluminium oxide acidic or basic?

A

amphoteric - can act as either an acid or a base

27
Q

what does amphoteric mean?

A

acts as either an acid or a base

28
Q

is aluminium oxide soluble?

A

not in water

29
Q

what is the reaction between aluminium oxide and HCl?

A

Al2O3 + 6HCl —> 3H2O + 2AlCl3

30
Q

what is the reaction of aluminium oxide with NaOH?

A

Al2O3 + 2NaOH + 3H2O —> 2NaAl(OH)4
sodium aluminate formed

31
Q

is silicon dioxide soluble in water?

A

no

32
Q

in what conditions will silicon dioxide act as an acid?

A

reacts as a weak acid with a strong base (eg. hot, conc NaOH)

33
Q

what is the reaction of silicon dioxide with hot, conc NaOH?

A

SiO2 + 2NaOH —> H2O + Na2SiO3
sodium silicate produced

34
Q

what is the reaction of phosphorus pentoxide with water? pH?

A

P4H10 + 6H2O —> 4H3PO4
pH 1-2

35
Q

what is the equation for the dissociation of the product of phosphorus pentoxide + water (H3PO4)?

A

H3PO4 —> H+ + H2PO4-

36
Q

what is the reaction of P4O10 with NaOH?

A

3NaOH + H3PO4 —> Na3PO4 + 3H2O

37
Q

what is the reaction of SO2 with water? pH?

A

SO2 + H2O —> H2SO3
weak acid pH 3-4

38
Q

what is the reaction of SO3 with water? pH?

A

SO3 + H2O —> H2SO4
strong acid pH 0-1

39
Q

what is the reaction of SO2 and NaOH? (2 stages)

A

SO2 + NaOH —> NaHSO3
NaHSO3 + NaOH —> Na2SO3 + H2O

40
Q

how many electrons does P have in its outer shell in H3PO4?

A

10

41
Q

what is the shape and bonding in H3PO4?

A

tetrahedral structure
109.5 bond angle

42
Q

what is the shape and bond angle in (SO4)2-?

A

tetrahedral
109.5 bond angle

43
Q

what is the shape and bond angle in (SO3)2-

A

trigonal pyramid

44
Q

what are the uses of MgO?

A

additive for cattle feed

45
Q

How useful is Al2O3?

A

oxide layer makes it very useful as it is unreactive and returns quickly if scratched off

46
Q

what are the uses of SO2?

A

reactant in making H2SO4?

47
Q

would lithium oxide or sodium oxide have a higher melting point? why?

A

lithium oxide - Li+ is a smaller ion than Na+ so in lithium oxide, the charge centres are closer together - greater electrostatic force of attraction between the oppositely charged ions

Inorganic Chemistry (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions