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inorganic chemistry > 3.2.6 Reactions of ions in aqueous solution (A2) > Flashcards

3.2.6 Reactions of ions in aqueous solution (A2) Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the formula when Iron (II) is an aqueous ion?

A

[Fe(H2O)6]2+ (aq)

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2
Q

what colour is Iron (II) as an aqueous ion?

A

green (green solution)

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3
Q

what ion is produced when we have Iron (II) and involve the action of NaOH (sodium hydroxide)?

A

Fe(H2O)4(OH)2 (s)

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4
Q

what happens when NaOH reacts with Iron (II)?

A

green precipitate goes brown on standing in air

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5
Q

what is the action of excess NaOH (aq) on Iron (II)?

A

No further change

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6
Q

What is the action of NH3 (aq) on Iron (II)?

A

green precipitate goes brown on standing in air

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7
Q

what is formed when NH3 reacts with Iron (II)?

A

Fe(H2O)4(OH)2 (s)

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8
Q

What is the action of excess NH3 (aq) on Iron (II)?

A

no further change

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9
Q

What do we see when Na2CO3 (aq) reacts with Iron (II)?

A

green precipitate

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10
Q

what is formed when Iron (II) reacts with Na2CO3 (aq)?

A

FeCO3

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11
Q

What is the formula of Copper (II) as an aqueous ion?

A

[Cu(H2O)6]2+ (aq)

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12
Q

Are 2+ ions or 3+ ions more acidic in solution? Why?

A

3+ ions are much more acidic
they are smaller and more highly charged, so have a higher charge density.
They attract the electrons from the oxygen of the ligands much more strongly.
This weakens the O-H bonds, so the complex readily releases H+ ion into the solution, making it acidic.

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13
Q

Write an equation for the hydrolysis of a 3+ ion to release a proton.

A

[Fe(H2O)6]3+(aq) <—> [Fe(H2O)5(OH)]2+(aq) + H+(aq)

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14
Q

Why does the green ppt go brown on standing in air in the reaction with Fe2+ with NH3?

A

Oxygen in the air oxidises Fe2+ and Fe3+ and [Fe(OH)3(H2O)3] is brown, so colour changes

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15
Q

What complex ion is formed from Fe2+ in aqueous solution? what colour is seen?

A

[Fe(H2O)6]2+ (aq)
green

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16
Q

what colour is [Fe(H2O)6]2+ (Fe2+ in aqueous solution)?

A

Green

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17
Q

What complex is formed from Fe2+ and NaOH (sodium hydroxide)? what colour is seen?

A

[Fe(H2O)4(NH)2] (s)
green ppt, goes brown on standing in air

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18
Q

What colour is [Fe(H2O)4(NH)2] (s) (Fe2+ in NaOH)

A

green ppt, goes brown on standing in air

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19
Q

What complex is formed when NH3 is added to Fe2+? what colour is seen?

A

[Fe(H2O)4(OH)2] (s)
green ppt, goes brown on standing in air

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20
Q

What colour is [Fe(H2O)4(OH)2] (s) (Fe2+ in NH3)

A

green ppt, goes brown on standing in air

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21
Q

What is formed when Fe2+ is added to Na2CO3? what colour is seen?

A

FeCO3
green ppt

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22
Q

What colour is FeCO3?

A

green ppt

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23
Q

What complex ion is formed from Cu2+ in aqueous solution? what colour is seen?

A

[Cu(H2O)6]2+
blue

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24
Q

What colour is [Cu(H2O)6]2+ (Cu2+ in aqueous solution)?

A

blue

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25
Q

What complex is formed when NaOH is added to Cu2+? what colour is seen?

A

[Cu(H2O)4(OH)2] (s)
blue ppt

26
Q

What colour is [Cu(H2O)4(OH)2] (s) (Cu2+ in NaOH)?

A

blue ppt

27
Q

What complex is formed when NH3 is added to Cu2+ (dropwise)? what colour is seen?

A

[Cu(H2O)4(OH)2] (s)
blue ppt

28
Q

What complex is formed when NH3 is added to Cu2+ (excess)? what colour is seen?

A

[Cu(H2O)2(NH3)4]2+ (aq)
deep blue solution

29
Q

What colour is [Cu(H2O)2(NH3)4]2+ (aq) (NH3 is added to Cu2+ in excess)

A

deep blue solution

30
Q

What complex is formed from Na2CO3 being added to Cu2+? what colour is seen?

A

CuCO3
blue-green ppt

31
Q

What colour is CuCO3? (formed by the addition of Na2CO3)

A

blue-green ppt

32
Q

What complex is formed from concentrated HCl being added to Cu2+? what colour is seen?

A

[CuCl4]2- (aq)
pale green/yellow solution

33
Q

What colour is [CuCl4]2- (aq) (formed by the addition of concentrated HCl to Cu2+)?

A

pale green/yellow solution

34
Q

What complex ion is formed from Fe3+ in aqueous solution? what colour is seen?

A

[Fe(H2O)6]3+
purple solution may book yellow-brown

35
Q

What colour is [Fe(H2O)6]3+ (formed by Fe3+ in aqueous solution)?

A

purple solution, may look yellow-brown due to [Fe(H2O)5(OH)]2+ (aq)

36
Q

What complex is formed when NaOH is added to Fe3+? what colour is seen?

A

[Fe(H2O)3(OH)3] (s)
brown ppt may look orange-brown

37
Q

What colour is [Fe(H2O)3(OH)3] (s) (formed when NaOH, NH3 and Na2CO3 is added to Fe3+)

A

brown ppt, may appear orange-brown

38
Q

What complex is formed when NH3 is added to Fe3+? what colour is seen?

A

[Fe(H2O)3(OH)3] (s)
brown ppt

39
Q

what complex is formed when Na2CO3 is added to Fe3+? what colour is seen?

A

[Fe(H2O)3(OH)3] (s)
brown ppt

40
Q

What is seen when Na2CO3 is added to Fe3+?

A

effervescence

41
Q

What complex is formed when Al3+ is added to form an aqueous solution? what colour is seen?

A

[Al(H2O)6]3+
colourless solution

42
Q

what colour is [Al(H2O)6]3+ (formed when Al3+ is in aqueous solution)?

A

colourless solution

43
Q

what complex is formed when NaOH is assed to Al3+ (dropwise)? what colour is seen?

A

[Al(H2O)3(OH)3] (s)
white ppt

44
Q

what is [Al(H2O)3(OH)3] (formed by the addition of NaOH dropwise to Al3+)?

A

white ppt

45
Q

what complex is formed when NaOH is added to Al3+ in excess? what colour is seen?

A

[Al(OH)4]- (aq)
colourless solution

46
Q

what colour is [Al(OH)4]- (aq) (formed by the addition of excess NaOH to Al3+)

A

colourless solution

47
Q

what complex is formed when NH3 is added to Al3+? what colour is seen?

A

[Al(H2O)3(OH)3] (s)
white ppt

48
Q

what colour is [Al(H2O)3(OH)3] (s) (formed by the addition of NH3 to Al3+) ?

A

white ppt

49
Q

what complex is formed when Na2CO3 is added to Al3+? what colour is seen?

A

[Al(H2O)3(OH)3] (s)
white ppt

50
Q

what is seen when we add NaCO3 to Al3+?

A

white precipitate formed
effervescence

51
Q

what complex is formed from Co2+ in aqueous solution? what colour is seen?

A

[Co(H2O6)]2+
pink

52
Q

what colour is the [Co(H2O)6]2+ complex? (formed from Co2+ in aqueous solution)

A

pink

53
Q

what complex is formed when NaOH is added to Co2+? what colour is seen?

A

[Co(H2O)6(OH)2] (s)
blue ppt

54
Q

what colour is the [Co(H2O)4(OH)2] (s) complex? (formed by the addition of NaOH to the Co2+ ion)

A

blue

55
Q

what complex ion is formed when NH3 is added to Co2+? what colour is seen?

A

[Co(NH3)6]2+ (aq)
pale brown solution

56
Q

what colour is the [Co(NH3)6]2+ (aq) ion? (formed by the addition of NH3 to the Co2+ ion)

A

pale brown

57
Q

what complex is formed from the addition of Na2CO3 to the Co2+ ion? what colour is seen?

A

[CoCO3] (s)
purple ppt

58
Q

what colour is the [CoCO3] (s) complex?

A

purple ppt

59
Q

what complex is formed when HCl is added to Co2+? what colour is seen?

A

[CoCl4]2- (aq)
blue solution

60
Q

what colour is the [CoCl4]2- (aq) complex? (formed when HCl is added to Co2+)

A

blue solution

inorganic chemistry (6 decks)

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