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Small Group Communication > Units 1,2,3,4 > Flashcards

Units 1,2,3,4 Flashcards

1
Q

Communication

A

the process of stimulating meaning in the minds of others through verbal and nonverbal messages

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2
Q

Model of transactional communication

A 
sender
message
channel
reciever
feedback
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3
Q

sender

A

the originator of the message

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4
Q

message

A

the information the sender is relaying

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5
Q

channel

A

the mode of the message

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6
Q

receiver

A

the recipient of the message

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7
Q

feedback

A

the message composed by the receiver in response to the sender

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8
Q

noise

A

something that gets in the way of the message

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9
Q

physical noise

A

any external or environmental stimulus that distracts us from the intended message. ex. temperature, hammer outside, lighting, people talking nearby

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10
Q

psychological noise

A

preconceived notions that we bring to conversations. ex. racial stereotypes, assumptions, reputation, daydreaming

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11
Q

semantic noise

A

emotional response to a word, phrase, or look from the sender. ex. moist, cuss words, facial expressions do not match words (im sorry)

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12
Q

context

A

when the communication occurs

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13
Q

intrapersonal

A

communication that we have with ourselves, not very logical because it is one sided, not reliable because you can talk yourself into anything

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14
Q

interpersonal

A

communication between two people

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15
Q

small group

A

communication between 3-15 people working interdependently on a task

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16
Q

organizational communication

A

communication with a heiarche. teacher&student, boss&employss

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17
Q

public communication

A

communication from one person to a group. ex. coach&team, valedictorian&class

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18
Q

mass communication

A

the same message given to a huge audience. ex. president&US, news channels

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19
Q

small group communication definition

A

three or more people working interdependently for the purpose of accomplishing a task

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20
Q

minimum and maximum group size

A

3 - 15 people

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21
Q

ideal group size

A

5-7 poeple

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22
Q

interdependence

A

the process by which a change in one part affects the other parts

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23
Q

task

A

an activity in which no externally correct decision exists and whose completion is dependent on member accceptance

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24
Q

additive task

A

people work individually on pieces of the project and then put them all together to make one group project

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25
Q

conjunctive task

A

tasks where the entire group has to work together

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26
Q

4 task considerations

A
  • all group members must participate
  • some members may not understand or comprehend the task
  • members might have vested interests
  • group may terminate upon task completion
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27
Q

norms

A

a guideline or rule designed to regulate the behaviors of group members

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28
Q

task norm

A

the things that we do as a group that helps us accomplish a task

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29
Q

procedural norm

A

the procedures a group follows. ex. time limits on meetings

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30
Q

social norm

A

the ways that we participate in interpersonal communication with our group. ex. going out to dinner or hanging out

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31
Q

ways a norm can develop

A

verbally - someone just says this is what we do
crucial event - someone yells so group decides no yelling
previous experiences - you did all the work in your last group so you don’t do as much for this group
it just happens - someone starts bringing their computer to every meeting

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32
Q

Sanctions

A

punishments for norm violations ex. get kicked out of the group

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33
Q

Identity

A

the psychological and/or physical boundaries that distinguish a group member from a nongroup member

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34
Q

psychological identity

A

(we-ness) can be positive or negative. saying “we, us, our” rather than “I”. successful - feelings of pride or superiority. unsuccessful - feelings of disgust, embarrassment

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35
Q

physical identity

A

we use artifacts to identify as part of a group ex. wearing jerseys or sorority shirts

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36
Q

grouptyping identity

A

when nonmembers make assumptions about group members (can be positive or negative) ex. treating a sports player better than other people or thinking a sorority girl is a slut

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37
Q

problem solving talk

A

talk that centers on group accomplishment. ex. when and how will we get this done?

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38
Q

role talk

A

talking to one another about a specific role that people play. ex. who is the leader of the group? who is the follower?

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39
Q

consciousness - raising talk

A

talk that centers on group identification and pride ex. we are doing a really great job, lets keep going!

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40
Q

encounter talk

A

every other type of talking. interpersonal communication. talking about our personal lives

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41
Q

primary group

A

members who are engaged in intimate relationships. fulfills our interpersonal needs, affection, and support. ex. mom, dad, brother, sister, children, boyfriend, or a really close friend.

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42
Q

social group

A

groups of people that all share a common interest or activity. ex. sports, frat, sorority, clubs

43
Q

self - help group

A

Where people share a common problem or life situation. ex. AA, weight watchers

44
Q

learning group

A

people join these groups to learn a new skill. ex. yoga class, birthing class, CPR certification, dance class

45
Q

service group

A

volunteers who help and support others outside their group. ex. charity organization

46
Q

civic group

A

supports causes to help others in their group. ex. APT, home owners association

47
Q

work group

A

groups that people are in at work to complete a task within their organization. ex. committees, shifts

48
Q

public group

A

where group members interact for the benefit of an audience. ex. city council, school board, talk show

49
Q

% of people that will be part of a self help group at some point in their life

A

40%

50
Q

6 advantages of small group communication

A
  • access to resources ex. time, money, talent
  • better understanding and retention of concepts
  • diversity of opinions and behavior
  • creativity
  • learning ex. new members can learn from older members
  • civic engagement ex. taking strategies and skills you learn in class and using them in the real world
51
Q

4 disadvantages of small group communication

A
  • task coordination
  • social loafing ex. people who don’t do what they should be doing will piss you off
  • conflict ex. where to meet, what to do, what grade you want
  • member misbehaviors ex. missing group meetings, missing deadlines
52
Q

Ethics

A

rules or standards for the right conduct or practice

53
Q

4 guidelines of ethics

A
  • be willing to communicate
  • treat others with respect and consideration
  • use critical thinking skills
  • be committed to the group
54
Q

why do individuals join groups? (8)

A
  • attraction theory
  • interpersonal communication needs
  • control
  • affection
  • lack of volition
  • escape
  • pleasure
  • relaxation
55
Q

attraction theory

A

people join groups because they like the group’s activity, goal, membership, or members

56
Q

inclusion

A

people need to feel included because it gives us a sense of belonging and helps us feel understood. social, undersocial, and oversocial members.

57
Q

social member

A

inclusion needs are met. feels comfortable working with other people or alone.

58
Q

undersocial member

A

inclusion needs not met. they feel unworthy and undervalued, they may withdraw and become a loner

59
Q

oversocial member

A

inclusion needs not met. this person tries to attract attention (good or bad) and they hate being alone

60
Q

control

A

this person feels like they need to be in control and feels a need to be of status and power. democratic, abdicrat, and autocrat members

61
Q

democratic member

A

when control needs are met. they behave well and are happy to be there no matter what role they are in. usually the best leader.

62
Q

abdicrat member

A

control needs are not met. they want control but are reluctant to pursue that control so they will just become a follower

63
Q

autocrat member

A

control needs not met. loves and needs control and will try to take over the group by talking constantly, criticizing, and trying to force decisions onto the group. people give them some sort of control to calm them down

64
Q

affection

A

they want to feel liked because it gives us an emotional warmth or closeness. personal, underpersonal, and overpersonal members

65
Q

personal member

A

affection needs met. this person doesnt really mind if people like them or not

66
Q

underpersonal member

A

affection needs not met. this person believes that nobody likes them. they dont make friends or give their opinion

67
Q

overpersonal member

A

affection needs not met. this person tries to be best friends with everyone. seeks intimate relationships with people even if the other is not interested. they talk too much and give too much personal information.

68
Q

lack of volition

A

we join a group because we have no choice. ex. family, work groups

69
Q

Socialization

A

a two way process of influence and change where by members use verbal and nonverbal messages to create a new and unique culture. ex. family changes a little when older sibling moves out. ex. get a new family member. ex. make a new friend.

70
Q

5 phases of socialization

A
  1. Antecedent Phase
  2. Anticipatory Phase
  3. Encounter Phase
  4. Assimilation Phase
  5. Exit Phase
71
Q

Antecedent Phase

A

before the group has ever met. What you bring to the group is based on your beliefs and attitudes, communication and personality traits, age, race, and sex

72
Q

Anticipatory Phase

A

you ask yourself what you expect from being in this group and what you expect from other group members. It is important to be realistic

73
Q

Encounter Phase

A

The first group meeting. the goals should be established and roles and leadership positions will begin to be established.

74
Q

Assimilation Phase

A

New group members start to feel accepted as part of the group. members start saying “us” and “ours”

75
Q

Exit Phase

A

either when the entire group ends or when a group member leaves

76
Q

outcomes of socialization

A

describes how group members feel as a whole about how they cooperated in completing goals

77
Q

cohesion

A

all group members reaching an acceptable level of desire to stay in a group. ex. wearing a team uniform

78
Q

consensus

A

all group members agreeing with and committing to the groups decision

79
Q

communication satisfaction

A

describes members who walk away from the group feeling positively fulfilled from the experience

80
Q

loneliness

A

feeling of powerlessness some members have from not being able or allowed to participate in the groups process

81
Q

new member socialization guidelines (4)

A
  • embrace the values, norms, and behaviors of the group
  • acquire the skills and knowledge needed to assume appropriate roles
  • learn what is and what is not important
  • move from a nonperforming group member to a contributing group member
82
Q

group socialization guidelines (4)

A
  • focus on recruitment efforts
  • initiate new members
  • focus on inclusion
  • encourage mentoring relationships
83
Q

downside to socialization

A

for optimal socialization to occur trust must be established among group members

84
Q

trait

A

relatively enduring behaviors that people tend to use consistently across their lifespan

85
Q

communication trait

A

an individuals consistencies and differences in message sending and message receiving behaviors

86
Q

communication apprehension

A

an individuals level of fear or anxiety associated with either real or anticipated communication with another person. high - almost always nervous. low - almost never nervous

87
Q

trait apprehension

A

across our life span and a variety of different situations you have felt nervous about communicating

88
Q

context - based apprehension

A

only in certain situations you get nervous. ex. talking in front of a class

89
Q

audience based apprehension

A

linked with a specific audience. ex. one group that you are in intimidates you

90
Q

situational apprehension

A

nervous about talking to someone in a certain situation. ex. principal or parents when in trouble. ex. bf when breaking up

91
Q

communicator style

A

the way an individual uses verbal and nonverbal communicative behaviors to indicate how literally others should take a message

92
Q

friendly communicator style

A

recognizing others, being kind, caring, and encouraging others to communicate with you

93
Q

impression leaving communicator style

A

communicate in some way that is memorable for some people. ex. the way you talk, facial expressions

94
Q

relaxed communicator style

A

laid back and anxiety free. calm under pressure.

95
Q

contentious communicator style

A

like to argue, often difficult to work with, can get excited or worked up and hard to calm down

96
Q

attentive communicator style

A

good listeners, pay attention, repeats themselves to make sure everyone understands

97
Q

precise communicator style

A

communicated really clearly and uses good arguments. would ask for proof in an argument

98
Q

animated communicator style

A

uses lots of hand gestures, uses eyes to communicate, you know what they are feeling, they express themselves

99
Q

dramatic communicator style

A

likes to tell stories to help prove their point, exaggerates to get their point across. ex. I just carried that 800lb box

100
Q

open communicator style

A

extroverted, straight forward, reveals a lot about themself

101
Q

dominant communicator style

A

takes charge of the situation, talks louder and more frequently than anyone else

102
Q

argumentativeness

A

an individuals ability to defend their position on a controversial issue while simotaneously attempting to refute another persons opinion on the same issue. they are rational and do not attack other people. high - likes to argue and are percieved as credible. better cohesiveness with their group

103
Q

verbal agressiveness

A

the tendency for someone to attack the self concept of another individual for the purpose of inflicting psychological harm. helpful in sports. high - less satisfaction with group

104
Q

grouphate

A

feelings of dread that arise when faced with the possibility of having to work in a group

Small Group Communication (3 decks)

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